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Bis-GMA affects craniofacial development in zebrafish embryos (Danio rerio)
Alexander G Kramer1, Jompobe Vuthiganon2, Christopher S Lassiter1
1Department of Biology, Roanoke College, 221 College Lane, Salem VA 24153, USA.
Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology
|March 20, 2016
Summary
Bisphenol A glycidyl methacrylate (Bis-GMA), found in dental composites, caused significant mortality and craniofacial deformities in zebrafish embryos. This highlights potential risks of Bis-GMA as a xenoestrogen.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Developmental Biology
- Toxicology
Background:
- Estrogen is a critical hormone for vertebrate development, influencing cartilage and craniofacial formation.
- Xenoestrogens mimic estrogen's effects; Bisphenol A (BPA) is a common example.
- Bisphenol A glycidyl methacrylate (Bis-GMA), derived from BPA, is a key component in dental resin composites (RBCs).
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the developmental toxicity of Bis-GMA in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos.
- To assess the impact of Bis-GMA exposure on embryo mortality and craniofacial development.
- To explore the potential xenoestrogenic activity of Bis-GMA.
Main Methods:
- Exposure of Danio rerio embryos to varying concentrations of Bis-GMA (10nM, 1μM, 10μM).
- Observation and quantification of embryo mortality rates.
- Assessment of gross morphological changes, focusing on craniofacial abnormalities.
Main Results:
- Exposure to 1μM and 10μM Bis-GMA resulted in approximately 30% and 45% increased mortality, respectively.
- Craniofacial abnormalities were observed at concentrations as low as 10nM Bis-GMA.
- Bis-GMA demonstrates dose-dependent toxicity and teratogenicity in developing zebrafish.
Conclusions:
- Bis-GMA exhibits significant toxicity and can induce craniofacial malformations in zebrafish embryos.
- These findings suggest Bis-GMA acts as a xenoestrogen, posing potential risks to development.
- Further research into Bis-GMA's molecular mechanisms is warranted to understand its xenoestrogenic activity and implications for public and environmental health.
