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Pancreas volume and fat fraction in children with Type 1 diabetes

S E Regnell1, P Peterson2, L Trinh2

  • 1Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Celiac Disease Unit, Lund University/Clinical Research Centre and Skåne University Hospital, Malmö. simon.regnell@med.lu.se.

Diabetic Medicine : a Journal of the British Diabetic Association
|March 22, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Children with Type 1 diabetes have smaller pancreases, but not more fat. Pancreas size in Type 1 diabetes may be influenced by insulin dosage, not just age.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Diabetology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Type 1 diabetes is associated with pancreatic atrophy.
  • Pancreatic steatosis is linked to diseases causing pancreatic atrophy.
  • Pancreatic fat content in Type 1 diabetes remains unquantified.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare pancreas size and fat fraction in children with Type 1 diabetes versus healthy controls.
  • To investigate the relationship between pancreas volume, age, and insulin dosage in Type 1 diabetes.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study comparing 22 children with Type 1 diabetes and 29 controls.
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) used to determine pancreas volume and fat fraction.
  • Statistical analysis to assess correlations and group differences.

Main Results:

  • Pancreas volume was 27% smaller in children with Type 1 diabetes compared to controls (P < 0.001).
  • Pancreas volume correlated positively with insulin dosage in children with diabetes after controlling for age and body surface area (P = 0.009).
  • No significant difference in pancreatic fat fraction was observed between groups (P = 0.891).

Conclusions:

  • Pancreatic atrophy in Type 1 diabetes is not associated with increased pancreatic fat.
  • Results suggest pancreatic atrophy may precede clinical onset in Type 1 diabetes.
  • Exogenous insulin may decelerate pancreatic atrophy post-diagnosis.
Abstract

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