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Adversity Across the Life Course of Incarcerated Parents: Gender Differences
Sharon Borja1, Paula Nurius1, J Mark Eddy2
1University of Washington.
Journal of Forensic Social Work
|March 22, 2016
Summary
Incarcerated mothers and fathers experience similar childhood adversities but differ in later life challenges. This highlights the need for gender-specific support for incarcerated parents and their children.
Area of Science:
- Criminology and Social Science
- Parenting Studies
- Child Development
Background:
- Over 1.6 million adults in U.S. correctional facilities are parents.
- Limited research exists on incarcerated parents and the impact of cumulative adversities on them and their children.
- Understanding life course adversities is crucial for effective interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine gender differences in life course adversity exposures among incarcerated parents.
- To compare incarcerated mothers and fathers regarding their experiences with juvenile justice, child welfare, victimization, and mental health outcomes.
- To inform gender-responsive support programs for incarcerated parents and their children.
Main Methods:
- A gender-balanced sample (41% minority) of 357 incarcerated parents participated.
- Data were collected from a randomized controlled trial of an in-prison parent training program.
- Comparative analysis of adversity exposures across the life course was conducted between mothers and fathers.
Main Results:
- Mothers and fathers reported similar family-of-origin adversities.
- Significant differences emerged in juvenile justice and child welfare system involvement.
- Incarcerated mothers reported higher rates of adult victimization and poorer mental health outcomes compared to fathers.
Conclusions:
- Incarcerated parents face distinct life course adversities based on gender.
- Gender-responsive parent support and prevention programs are essential for incarcerated mothers, fathers, and their children.
- Addressing cumulative adversities requires tailored interventions for this vulnerable population.
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