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Hepatitis B Vaccination Coverage and Prevalence of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Among Children in French Polynesia,

Minal K Patel1, Evelyne Le Calvez2, Kathleen Wannemuehler2

  • 1Global Immunization Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Bureau des Programmes de Pathologies Infectieuses, Direction de la Santé, Papeete, French Polynesia hgo9@cdc.gov.

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
|March 23, 2016
PubMed

Insights

French Polynesia

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a significant public health concern in French Polynesia, with an estimated 3% HBsAg prevalence.
  • A universal infant hepatitis B vaccination program, including a birth dose (BD), was implemented between 1990-1992.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of the hepatitis B vaccination program on HBsAg prevalence in school-aged children.
  • To assess vaccination coverage and timeliness in French Polynesia.

Main Methods:

  • A nationally representative 2-stage cluster survey was conducted in 2014 among Cours Préparatoire (CP) school children (approximately 6 years old).
  • Vaccination data were reviewed, and HBsAg seroprevalence was determined using rapid point-of-care testing for consenting children.
  • 1,660 students were identified, with 1,567 (94%) having vaccination data and 1,196 (72%) participating in the serosurvey.

Main Results:

  • Three-dose hepatitis B vaccination coverage reached 98%.
  • Timely birth dose (BD) coverage (within 24 hours of birth) was 89%.
  • No children tested positive for HBsAg, resulting in a 0% seroprevalence (95% CI: 0-0.5%).

Conclusions:

  • The hepatitis B vaccination program in French Polynesia has successfully eliminated HBsAg among young school children.
  • High vaccination coverage was achieved, but there is a need to improve the timeliness of vaccine administration, particularly for the second and third doses.

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