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Brain Imaging

Brain Imaging

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These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic...

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Subjective Cognitive Decline: Mapping Functional and Structural Brain Changes-A Combined Resting-State Functional and

Yu Sun¹, Zhengjia Dai¹, Yuxia Li¹

¹From the Department of Neurology, XuanWu Hospital of Capital Medical University, 45 Chang-Chun St, Beijing 10053, China (Y.S., Y.X.L., C.S., H.Y.L., X.N.W., Y. Han); Department of Psychology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China (Z.J.D.); State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China (Z.J.D., X.D.C., Y. He); and Center of Alzheimer's Disease, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China (Y. Han).

|March 23, 2016

Summary

Individuals with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) show altered brain activity in specific regions, as detected by resting-state functional MRI. This suggests functional MRI is a promising noninvasive tool for characterizing SCD.

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Area of Science:

Neuroimaging
Cognitive Neuroscience
Radiology

Background:

Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is an emerging concern, often preceding more severe cognitive impairment.
Understanding the underlying neural mechanisms of SCD is crucial for early detection and intervention.
Current diagnostic methods may not fully capture the subtle brain changes associated with SCD.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate functional and structural brain alterations in individuals with SCD.
To utilize resting-state functional magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and structural MR imaging to assess brain changes.
To explore the relationship between brain alterations and cognitive performance in SCD.

Main Methods:

Recruited 25 subjects with SCD and 61 control subjects.
Acquired resting-state functional MR imaging and structural MR imaging data.
Measured amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) and regional gray matter volume.
Employed voxel-wise general linear model analyses to compare groups and assess brain-behavior relationships.

Main Results:

Subjects with SCD exhibited significantly higher ALFF in the bilateral inferior parietal lobule, right occipital gyrus, right superior temporal gyrus, and right cerebellum posterior lobe compared to controls.
No significant differences in gray matter volume were found between groups.
Correlations were observed between cognitive test scores (Auditory Verbal Learning Test) and ALFF in the left inferior parietal lobe and right middle occipital gyrus.

Conclusions:

Individuals with SCD demonstrate altered spontaneous brain functional activity.
Resting-state functional MR imaging shows potential as a noninvasive method for characterizing SCD.
Structural brain changes were not evident at this stage of SCD using the applied methods.