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The Survey of Cronobacter spp. (formerly Enterbacter sakazakii) in Infant and Follow-up Powdered Formula in China in

Xiao Yan Pei1, Lin Yan1, Jiang Hui Zhu1

  • 1China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100022, China.

Biomedical and Environmental Sciences : BES
|March 23, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Cronobacter species contamination in Chinese powdered formula is low. Genetic analysis suggests multiple contamination sources during manufacturing, highlighting the need for robust food safety protocols.

Area of Science:

  • Food Microbiology
  • Food Safety
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Cronobacter spp. are opportunistic pathogens that can cause severe illness in infants.
  • Powdered infant formula is a potential vehicle for Cronobacter transmission.
  • Understanding contamination levels is crucial for ensuring infant safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of Cronobacter spp. in infant and follow-up powdered formula in China.
  • To characterize the genetic diversity of Cronobacter isolates.

Main Methods:

  • 2282 powdered formula samples were collected from Chinese retail markets (2012).
  • Samples were analyzed for Cronobacter spp. using Chinese National Food Safety Standards.
  • Isolate characterization involved pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE).

Main Results:

  • Cronobacter spp. were found in 25 samples (positive rate: 0.90% infant, 1.18% follow-up formula).
  • No significant association was found with store type, season, or production location, except for one surveillance zone.
  • PFGE revealed limited genetic diversity among isolates, with only three pairs sharing identical patterns.

Conclusions:

  • The study indicates a low contamination rate of Cronobacter spp. in Chinese powdered formula.
  • Evidence suggests contamination likely originates from diverse sources during the manufacturing process.
  • Continued surveillance and stringent manufacturing controls are essential for infant formula safety.
Abstract

Keywords:
ContaminationCronobacter spp.PFGEPowdered formula

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