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Protist metabarcoding and environmental biomonitoring: Time for change.

J Pawlowski1, F Lejzerowicz1, L Apotheloz-Perret-Gentil1

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Environmental DNA metabarcoding reveals protist diversity and accurately assesses aquatic ecosystem health. This powerful tool, using diatoms and foraminifera, offers a rapid alternative to traditional biomonitoring methods.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Environmental microbiology
  • Molecular ecology
  • Protistology

Background:

  • High-throughput amplicon sequencing (metabarcoding) has revolutionized understanding of protist diversity.
  • Protist metabarcoding studies have largely focused on academic research, with limited ecological applications.
  • Protists like diatoms and foraminifera are established bioindicators for ecosystem health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review ecological applications of protist metabarcoding for bioindicator groups.
  • To evaluate the utility of metabarcoding for assessing aquatic ecosystem quality.
  • To advocate for the integration of metabarcoding into environmental biomonitoring.

Main Methods:

  • Review of studies applying metabarcoding to diatoms and foraminifera as bioindicators.
  • Comparison of molecular data with traditional morphology-based biotic indices.
  • Assessment of metabarcoding's accuracy and efficiency in evaluating ecosystem status.

Main Results:

  • Metabarcoding data generally align well with morphology-based assessments of ecosystem health.
  • Molecular data provide a reliable reflection of biotic indices, despite inherent biases.
  • Protist metabarcoding demonstrates potential for rapid and accurate environmental quality evaluation.

Conclusions:

  • Protist metabarcoding is a viable and efficient tool for assessing aquatic ecosystem quality.
  • Integration of metabarcoding into biomonitoring can complement traditional methods.
  • Metabarcoding offers a pathway to developing novel biosensors for environmental impact assessment.