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Related Concept Videos

Amnesia01:13

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Amnesia is a condition marked by long-term memory loss, which impairs the ability to recall past events or create new memories.
The severity and duration of memory loss vary depending on the type and underlying cause. Amnesia is classified into two main types: retrograde and anterograde.
Retrograde amnesia is marked by the loss of memories formed before the onset of the condition. Patients may recall distant past events but often forget those occurring shortly before the incident.
Anterograde...
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Improving short-term memory can be achieved through techniques like chunking and rehearsal. Chunking involves organizing information into larger, more manageable units. This technique is particularly useful for information that exceeds the typical memory span of between five and nine items. For instance, logging into an online account with a password like "ta89vq0179gz" involves grouping letters and numbers into three chunks—ta89, vq01, and 79gz. It makes large amounts of...
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Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
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Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre- and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 23, 2026

Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis
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Memory rehabilitation for people with multiple sclerosis.

Roshan das Nair1, Kristy-Jane Martin, Nadina B Lincoln

  • 1Division of Rehabilitation and Ageing, University of Nottingham, B98, B Floor Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK, NG7 2UH.

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
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Memory rehabilitation shows some benefits for multiple sclerosis (MS) patients

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Area of Science:

  • Neurorehabilitation
  • Cognitive Science
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Memory impairments are common in multiple sclerosis (MS), impacting daily activities.
  • Previous research on memory rehabilitation in MS has yielded inconclusive results.
  • This review updates evidence on memory rehabilitation's effectiveness for MS patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess memory rehabilitation's impact on memory function in MS patients compared to no treatment or placebo.
  • To evaluate the effect of memory rehabilitation on functional abilities, mood, and quality of life in MS patients.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-randomized trials.
  • Searched multiple databases including Cochrane, AMED, BNI, PsycINFO, and CAB Abstracts.
  • Included 15 studies with 989 participants, assessing various memory retraining techniques.

Main Results:

  • Memory rehabilitation significantly improved objective memory function immediately and long-term (SMD 0.23-0.26).
  • Quality of life improved immediately post-intervention (SMD 0.23).
  • Activities of daily living showed mixed results, with control groups performing better long-term (SMD -0.33). No significant effects on subjective memory or mood were found.

Conclusions:

  • Memory rehabilitation shows potential for improving objective memory function and quality of life in MS.
  • Evidence is limited, with no significant impact on subjective memory reports or mood.
  • Further high-quality RCTs with ecologically valid assessments are needed to confirm findings and improve generalizability.