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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 23, 2026

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A marker placement laser device for improving repeatability in 3D-foot motion analysis.

Eva Kalkum1, Stefan van Drongelen1, Johannes Mussler1

  • 1Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Center for Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery and Spinal Cord Injury, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.

Gait & Posture
|March 24, 2016
PubMed
Summary

A new laser marker placement device ensures accurate foot marker repositioning in 3D gait analysis, reducing errors. This reliable tool enhances consistency across various tape conditions for clinical research.

Keywords:
Foot modelLaser deviceMarker replacement errorRepeatabilityTape

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Gait Analysis
  • Medical Device Development

Background:

  • 3D gait analysis accuracy is challenged by marker repositioning errors, especially with complex foot models.
  • A novel laser marker placement device was developed to improve marker repositioning reliability.
  • This study evaluates the device's reliability for foot marker placement under different tape conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and assess the reliability of a laser marker placement device for 3D gait analysis.
  • To determine the accuracy of marker placement on the foot using the device across various tape conditions.
  • To validate the device's effectiveness in ensuring consistent marker positioning.

Main Methods:

  • The Heidelberg foot measurement method was used to place markers on 38 subjects.
  • Testing included barefoot and three tape conditions, with static standing trials captured for each.
  • Analysis involved comparing marker distances and calculating intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs).

Main Results:

  • Minimal differences in marker distances were observed across conditions (0.03–3.28 mm).
  • Excellent intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs) ranging from 0.91 to 0.97 were achieved for all parameters.
  • The device demonstrated high reliability in marker placement.

Conclusions:

  • The laser marker placement device offers a reliable method for precise marker positioning on tape.
  • It ensures exact marker placement at previously palpated locations.
  • The device has potential for broad application in clinical research settings.