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Effects of Berries Consumption on Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Meta-analysis with Trial Sequential Analysis of
Haohai Huang1, Guangzhao Chen2, Dan Liao3
1Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Dongguan Third People's Hospital, Affiliated Dongguan Shilong People's Hospital of Southern Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523326, China.
Insights
Regular consumption of berries can significantly improve cardiovascular health by lowering key risk factors. This includes reducing LDL cholesterol, blood pressure, and body mass index, offering a safe dietary addition for heart health.
Area of Science:
- Nutrition Science
- Cardiovascular Health
- Dietary Interventions
Background:
- Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a leading global health concern.
- The impact of berries on CVD risk factors requires systematic evaluation.
- Existing research lacks a comprehensive meta-analysis on berries and CVD risk.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis.
- To estimate the effect of berries consumption on cardiovascular disease risk factors.
- To assess the efficacy and safety of berries as a supplementary option for CVD prevention and control.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature search of PubMed, Embase, and CENTRAL databases.
- Inclusion of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving healthy individuals or CVD patients.
- Meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis of data from 22 RCTs with 1,251 participants.
Main Results:
- Berries consumption significantly reduced LDL-cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, BMI, HbA1c, and TNF-α.
- Weighted mean differences indicated significant reductions across multiple CVD risk markers.
- No significant changes were observed in other assessed markers.
Conclusions:
- Berries consumption demonstrates a significant positive impact on multiple cardiovascular disease risk factors.
- Berries may serve as an effective and safe supplementary dietary strategy for managing and preventing CVD.
- Further research can explore optimal intake and specific berry types for cardiovascular benefits.
Abstract:
The effects of berries consumption on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors have not been systematically examined. Here, we aimed to conduct a meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis to estimate the effect of berries consumption on CVD risk factors. PubMed, Embase, and CENTRAL were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that regarding the effects of berries consumption in either healthy participants or patients with CVD. Twenty-two eligible RCTs representing 1,251 subjects were enrolled. The pooled result showed that berries consumption significantly lowered the low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol [weighted mean difference (WMD), -0.21 mmol/L; 95% confidence interval (CI), -0.34 to -0.07; P = 0.003], systolic blood pressure (SBP) (WMD, -2.72 mmHg; 95% CI, -5.32 to -0.12; P = 0.04), fasting glucose (WMD, -0.10 mmol/L; 95% CI, -0.17 to -0.03; P = 0.004), body mass index (BMI) (WMD, -0.36 kg/m(2); 95% CI, -0.54 to -0.18, P < 0.00001), Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (WMD, -0.20%; 95% CI, -0.39 to -0.01; P = 0.04) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) (WMD, -0.99 ρg/mL; 95% CI, -1.96 to -0.02; P = 0.04). However, no significant changes were seen in other markers. The current evidence suggests that berries consumption might be utilized as a possible new effective and safe supplementary option to better prevent and control CVD in humans.
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