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Tracheostomy in Infants With Congenital Heart Disease: A Nationwide Population-Based Study in Taiwan

Yu-Sheng Lee1, Mei-Jy Jeng2, Pei-Chen Tsao3

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan and the Department of Pediatrics, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan. Institute of Public Health and Community Medicine Research Center, National, Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.

Respiratory Care
|March 24, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Infants with congenital heart disease (CHD) face a higher risk of tracheostomy. This procedure significantly increases their mortality risk, with the danger escalating over time.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Cardiology
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a significant health concern in infants.
  • Tracheostomy is a procedure that may be necessary for infants with complex medical conditions.
  • Understanding the risks associated with tracheostomy in infants with CHD is crucial for clinical management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the risk factors for tracheostomy in infants diagnosed with congenital heart disease (CHD).
  • To evaluate the mortality risk associated with tracheostomy in infants with CHD.
  • To identify specific factors that correlate with the need for tracheostomy in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan from 2000 to 2011.
  • Included a cohort of infants with CHD (n=34,943) and an age- and sex-matched control group (n=136,600).
  • Employed descriptive statistics, logistic regression, Kaplan-Meier analysis, and Cox regression for data analysis.

Main Results:

  • Infants with CHD exhibited a significantly increased risk of tracheostomy (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 6.67).
  • Key risk factors for tracheostomy included congenital airway anomaly (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 15.25) and neuromuscular impairment (adjusted OR 6.24).
  • Mortality risk was substantially elevated in infants with CHD and tracheostomy (adjusted HR 3.88), increasing progressively with follow-up time.

Conclusions:

  • Infants with CHD have a heightened risk of requiring a tracheostomy.
  • Tracheostomy in infants with CHD is associated with a significantly increased and time-dependent mortality risk.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms contributing to these elevated risks.
Abstract

Keywords:
congenital heart diseasehazard rationational health insurancenational health insurance research databaseodds ratiotracheostomy

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