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Related Concept Videos

Knee Joint01:23

Knee Joint

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The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris...
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Muscles that Move the Leg01:23

Muscles that Move the Leg

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The movement of the legs is facilitated by numerous muscles located within the anterior, medial, and posterior compartments of the thigh.
Anterior Compartment
The quadriceps femoris, the most visible muscle of the anterior compartment, is integral for leg extension and thigh flexion. It is formed by merging four distinct muscles — the vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, and rectus femoris. The quadriceps tendon, a shared tendon of the four quadriceps muscles, is affixed...
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Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella01:16

Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella

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The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the...
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Stability of structures01:14

Stability of structures

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In mechanical engineering, the stability of systems under various forces is critical for designing durable and efficient structures. One fundamental way to explore these concepts is by analyzing systems like two rods connected at a pivot point, O, with a torsional spring of spring constant k at the pivot point. This system is similar in appearance to a scissor jack used to change tires on a car. In this case, the arms of the linkage (equivalent to the rods in this system) are entirely vertical,...
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Ankle Joint01:10

Ankle Joint

3.5K
The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...
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Bones of the Lower Limb: Tibia and Fibula01:10

Bones of the Lower Limb: Tibia and Fibula

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The tibia is the main weight-bearing bone of the lower leg. It is larger than the fibula with which it is paired. The tibia is also the second longest bone in the body and is located right below the skin. The proximal end of the tibia forms the medial and the lateral condyle, which articulates with the condyles of the femur to form the knee joint. Between the articulating surfaces is the irregular elevated area known as the intercondylar eminence that serves as the inferior attachment point for...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 23, 2026

A Mouse Model of Ankle-Subtalar Complex Joint Instability
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A Mouse Model of Ankle-Subtalar Complex Joint Instability

Published on: October 28, 2022

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Basic biomechanic principles of knee instability.

Jason P Zlotnicki1,2, Jan-Hendrik Naendrup1,2, Gerald A Ferrer2,3

  • 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, 3471 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.

Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine
|March 24, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Knee joint stability relies on complex structures, including the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). Biomechanical analysis offers objective methods to quantify knee stability and evaluate injuries, advancing surgical repair techniques.

Keywords:
ACLALLAnterior cruciate ligamentAnterolateral ligamentBiomechanicsPivot shift

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Biomechanics
  • Sports Medicine

Background:

  • Knee joint stability is crucial for function, maintained by static and dynamic structures.
  • The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is a primary stabilizer, yet objective measures for injury and repair are lacking.
  • Emerging research indicates novel anatomical structures significantly contribute to knee stability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review biomechanical principles for assessing knee stability.
  • To focus on objective quantification of knee joint stability.
  • To highlight recent technological advancements in biomechanical knee evaluation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of biomechanical principles and testing techniques.
  • Analysis of the role of various knee structures (ligaments, capsule, bone) under load.
  • Discussion of quantitative methods for evaluating knee stability.

Main Results:

  • Biomechanics provides essential objective data on knee joint function.
  • Understanding individual contributions of knee structures enhances stability assessment.
  • Technological advances offer improved methods for biomechanical evaluation.

Conclusions:

  • Objective quantification of knee stability is essential for diagnosing injuries and guiding treatment.
  • Biomechanical evaluation is key to understanding knee function and improving surgical outcomes.
  • Further research into novel structures and advanced biomechanical techniques is warranted.