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Pattern formation in plastic liquid films on elastomers by ratcheting.

Jiangshui Huang1, Jiawei Yang2, Lihua Jin1

  • 1School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. clarke@seas.harvard.edu suo@seas.harvard.edu.

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Plastic liquids, or Bingham liquids, form wavy patterns on elastomers under cyclic loads. This "patterning by ratcheting" phenomenon shows increasing amplitude with cycles, offering insights into material behavior.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Rheology
  • Soft Matter Physics

Background:

  • Plastic liquids, or Bingham liquids, exhibit a yield stress, flowing only when applied stress exceeds a threshold.
  • Understanding the mechanical behavior of non-Newtonian fluids, like plastic liquids, under dynamic conditions is crucial for various applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the formation of surface patterns in plastic liquid films coated on elastomers subjected to cyclic loading.
  • To characterize the phenomenon of progressive pattern development under repeated stress, termed "patterning by ratcheting".

Main Methods:

  • Experimental observation of pattern formation in various plastic liquids on elastomeric substrates under controlled cyclic stretching.
  • Systematic study of the influence of film thickness, cyclic frequency, and stretch range on pattern evolution.
  • Validation using finite element simulations based on established elastic-plastic deformation models.

Main Results:

  • Plastic liquid films on elastomers develop distinct wavy patterns under cyclic loads.
  • Pattern wavelength remained constant, while amplitude increased with the number of cycles before saturating.
  • The phenomenon, termed "patterning by ratcheting," was observed across different plastic liquids and influenced by experimental parameters.

Conclusions:

  • The study identifies and characterizes "patterning by ratcheting," a novel phenomenon in plastic liquid films under cyclic stress.
  • Finite element simulations confirm that this behavior is consistent with standard elastic-plastic material models.
  • This finding provides a new perspective on the deformation and pattern formation in yield-stress fluids interacting with soft substrates.