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When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
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Multiplex Cytokine Profiling of Stimulated Mouse Splenocytes Using a Cytometric Bead-based Immunoassay Platform
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Interleukin-22 serum levels are elevated in active scleritis.

Maite Sainz-de-la-Maza1,2, Blanca Molins2, Marina Mesquida1,2

  • 1Institute Clinic of Ophthalmology, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.

Acta Ophthalmologica
|March 25, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Elevated serum Interleukin-22 (IL-22) levels were found in active scleritis patients compared to healthy controls. These levels decreased significantly after successful treatment, suggesting IL-22 plays a role in scleritis.

Keywords:
biomarkercytokinesinterleukin-22scleritis

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Immunology
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Scleritis is a potentially blinding inflammatory eye disease.
  • The specific immune pathways involved in scleritis pathogenesis are not fully understood.
  • Cytokines are key mediators of inflammation and immune responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the serum cytokine profile in patients with active scleritis.
  • To compare cytokine levels between active scleritis patients and healthy controls.
  • To assess changes in cytokine levels following treatment and disease remission.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective case-control study involving 20 active scleritis patients and 25 healthy controls.
  • Serum samples were analyzed for 14 cytokines using multiplex assays and ELISA.
  • IL-22 levels were specifically measured in active and inactive disease states and correlated with clinical parameters.

Main Results:

  • Serum Interleukin-22 (IL-22) levels were significantly higher in active scleritis patients (6.41 pg/ml) compared to controls (1.93 pg/ml).
  • IL-22 levels decreased significantly (p=0.005) after achieving scleritis remission with immunomodulatory therapy.
  • No significant association was found between IL-22 levels and scleritis type, inflammation severity, or systemic disease.

Conclusions:

  • Serum IL-22 is significantly elevated in active scleritis and decreases with treatment-induced remission.
  • IL-22, a cytokine derived from T helper 17 and T helper 22 cells, may be a critical factor in the development of scleritis.
  • Further research into IL-22's role could lead to targeted therapies for scleritis.