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Updated: Mar 23, 2026

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache

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Published on: June 2, 2014

Recurrent headache in a five year old boy.

Lokesh Saini¹, Ranjith M Kumar¹, Biswaroop Chakrabarty¹

¹Department of Pediatrics, Child Neurology Division, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.

Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology

|March 25, 2016

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Headache and neurological deficits associated with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) lymphocytosis (HaNDL) is a rare migraine variant. Early diagnosis and migraine prophylaxis can lead to remission in pediatric cases.

Keywords:

CSF lymphocytosis HaNDL headache migraine toddler

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Area of Science:

Neurology
Pediatrics
Neuroimmunology

Background:

Headache is uncommon in young children.
Headache and neurological deficits associated with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) lymphocytosis (HaNDL) is a rare migraine variant.
Early childhood headaches warrant thorough investigation.

Observation:

A 5-year-old boy experienced recurrent, week-long headaches for 6 months.
Episodes were linked to paresthesias and CSF lymphocytosis with normal protein/sugar.
Family history of migraine was noted.

Findings:

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis revealed lymphocytosis.
Brain MRI, MR angiography, and venography were unremarkable.
Infection and vasculitis work-ups were negative.
Symptoms resolved with oral antimigraine prophylaxis, achieving 8 months remission.

Implications:

HaNDL should be considered in pediatric patients presenting with recurrent headaches and neurological symptoms.
Timely diagnosis of HaNDL can avert extensive investigations, treatments, and hospitalizations.
Recognizing HaNDL facilitates appropriate management, potentially leading to prolonged remission.