Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 23, 2026

Endoscopic Bilateral Nipple-sparing Mastectomy via a Single Axillary Incision with Immediate Pre-pectoral Implant-based Breast Reconstruction
Published on: May 17, 2024
Management of the Ischemic Nipple-Areola Complex After Breast Reduction
Alberto Rancati1, Marcelo Irigo1, Claudio Angrigiani1
1Department of Oncoplastic Surgery, Instituto Oncologico Henry Moore, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Abstract:
Early and accurate diagnosis and treatment of nipple-areolar complex (NAC) ischemia and necrosis are fundamental to the practice of breast surgery. Knowledge of breast anatomy, risk factors, and proper technique is not sufficient for avoiding this complication in all cases. Management of this situation is dynamic; it depends on the time of detection, and knowledge of different surgical maneuvers for NAC reperfusion. Management of this complication will continue to improve with technologic advances and research.
Related Concept Videos
Peripheral Artery Disease V: Postoperative Nursing Management
Angina V: Nursing Management
Acute Coronary Syndrome V: Nursing Management
Peripheral Artery Disease IV: Nursing Management
