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Related Concept Videos

Biological Effects of Radiation02:59

Biological Effects of Radiation

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All radioactive nuclides emit high-energy particles or electromagnetic waves. When this radiation encounters living cells, it can cause heating, break chemical bonds, or ionize molecules. The most serious biological damage results when these radioactive emissions fragment or ionize molecules. For example, α and β particles emitted from nuclear decay reactions possess much higher energies than ordinary chemical bond energies. When these particles strike and penetrate matter, they...
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Mutations are changes in the sequence of DNA. These changes can occur spontaneously or they can be induced by exposure to environmental factors. Mutations can be characterized in a number of different ways: whether and how they alter the amino acid sequence of the protein, whether they occur over a small or large area of DNA, and whether they occur in somatic cells or germline cells.
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The average temperature of Earth is the subject of much current discussion. Earth is in radiative contact with both the Sun and dark space; it receives almost all its energy from the radiation of the Sun and reflects some of it into outer space. Dark space is very cold, about 3 K, so Earth radiates energy into it. For instance, heat transfer occurs from soil and grasses, the rate of which can be so rapid that frost can occur on clear summer evenings, even in warm latitudes.
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An Automated Microscopic Scoring Method for the γ-H2AX Foci Assay in Human Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes
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OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE TO EXTERNAL RADIATION IN SWITZERLAND.

S Mayer1, S Baechler2, J Damet3

  • 1Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen PSI, Switzerland sabine.mayer@psi.ch.

Radiation Protection Dosimetry
|March 26, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Swiss radiation workers

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Radiation Safety
  • Occupational Health Physics
  • Radiation Dosimetry

Background:

  • Switzerland has robust regulations for individual monitoring of external and internal radiation exposure.
  • The Swiss national dose registry (NDR) has tracked monthly doses for radiation workers since 1994, aligning with ICRP 60 recommendations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of occupational external radiation exposure in Switzerland using 2013 NDR data.
  • To identify trends in radiation exposure and dose limit exceedances among Swiss workers.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of occupational external radiation exposure data from the Swiss national dose registry (NDR) for the year 2013.
  • Characterization of exposure levels and identification of areas with highest exposures.

Main Results:

  • Annual effective dose limits were exceeded by some workers in Switzerland in 2013, predominantly in the medical field.
  • Exceeded dose limits are now more frequently associated with continuous exposure during routine work rather than past accidental acute exposures.
  • The NDR serves as a valuable tool for optimizing radiation protection by identifying high-exposure scenarios.

Conclusions:

  • Occupational radiation exposure in Switzerland, particularly in medicine, requires ongoing monitoring and optimization.
  • The shift towards continuous exposure as a cause for exceeding dose limits highlights the need for updated safety protocols in medical settings.
  • The national dose registry is crucial for effective radiation protection management and regulatory oversight.