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Genetic Manipulation of Cerebellar Granule Neurons In Vitro and In Vivo to Study Neuronal Morphology and Migration
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How serotonin receptors regulate morphogenic signalling in neurons.

Alexander Wirth1, Katrin Holst1, Evgeni Ponimaskin1

  • 1Department of Cellular Neurophysiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.

Progress in Neurobiology
|March 26, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine or 5-HT) influences neural development and function. This review explores how serotonin receptors shape neurons and contribute to brain disorders.

Keywords:
CytoskeletonNeuronal diseasesNeuronal morphologySerotonin receptorSpinogenesis

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Molecular Biology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine or 5-HT) is an ancient neurotransmitter crucial for physiological regulation.
  • The serotonergic system, involving diverse receptors, impacts numerous brain functions.
  • Dysregulation of serotonin signaling is linked to psychiatric and neurological disorders like schizophrenia and depression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of the molecular mechanisms underlying serotonin's morphogenic effects on neurons.
  • To discuss the role of serotonin receptor signaling in neural development.
  • To examine the involvement of serotonin in the pathophysiology of neurological and psychiatric conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on serotonin's molecular mechanisms and receptor signaling.
  • Analysis of studies investigating serotonin's role in neural development (neurite outgrowth, synaptogenesis).
  • Examination of research linking serotonin signaling to pathophysiological conditions.

Main Results:

  • Serotonin elicits morphogenic effects on neurons through various receptor subtypes.
  • These effects are developmentally regulated and influence neuronal network formation.
  • Serotonin signaling plays a role in both normal brain development and the pathogenesis of disorders.

Conclusions:

  • Serotonin receptor-mediated signaling is a key regulator of neuronal morphology and development.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is vital for addressing neurological and psychiatric disorders.
  • Further research into serotonin's developmental roles may reveal therapeutic targets.