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Intelligence quotient discrepancy indicates levels of motor competence in preschool children at risk for

Tzu-Ying Yu1, Kuan-Lin Chen2, Willy Chou3

  • 1Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.

Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment
|March 26, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Preschoolers at risk for developmental delays with a significant verbal-to-performance intelligence quotient discrepancy (VIQ>PIQ) exhibit poorer motor competence. This intelligence quotient discrepancy (IQD) negatively correlates with motor skills, highlighting the need for integrated assessment.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Preschoolers at risk for developmental delays often present with varied cognitive profiles.
  • Intelligence Quotient Discrepancy (IQD), specifically between verbal (VIQ) and performance (PIQ) scores, is a recognized indicator of cognitive asymmetry.
  • Understanding the relationship between cognitive profiles and motor development is crucial for early intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if motor competence differs between preschool groups with varying IQDs.
  • To investigate the association between the magnitude of IQD and motor competence levels.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed motor competence using the Comprehensive Developmental Inventory for Infants and Toddlers.
  • Measured IQD using the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence™ - Fourth Edition.
  • Categorized 291 children into NON-IQD, VIQ>PIQ, and PIQ>VIQ groups based on IQD thresholds.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences in gross and fine motor skills were found across IQD groups.
  • Children with VIQ>PIQ demonstrated significantly lower motor competence compared to NON-IQD and PIQ>VIQ groups.
  • A negative correlation between IQD and motor skills was observed specifically in the VIQ>PIQ group.

Conclusions:

  • IQD is a significant factor influencing motor competence in at-risk preschoolers.
  • A pronounced VIQ>PIQ discrepancy is associated with diminished motor skills, particularly in visual-motor integration and body-movement coordination.
  • Clinical attention to motor development is warranted for children with VIQ>PIQ, alongside cognitive evaluations.
Abstract

Keywords:
IQ discrepancychildmotor competence

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