Hypertriglyceridemia and Cardiovascular Diseases: Revisited.

Area of Science:

• Cardiovascular Medicine and Lipidology

Background:

• Residual cardiovascular risk persists despite treatments targeting high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
• Hypertriglyceridemia, triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, and remnant cholesterol are established cardiovascular disease risk factors.
• Existing treatments like fibrates show efficacy in reducing cardiovascular events.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the role of hypertriglyceridemia, triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, and remnant cholesterol in cardiovascular disease.
• To discuss the implications of targeting hypertriglyceridemia for future treatment strategies.

Main Methods:

• Review of experimental, genetic, and epidemiological studies.
• Evaluation of current and emerging therapeutic strategies for hypertriglyceridemia.

Main Results:

• Fibrates demonstrate effectiveness in reducing cardiovascular events, with or without statins.
• High-dose omega-3 fatty acids are under continued evaluation.
• Novel treatments targeting triglyceride pathways (e.g., apolipoprotein C-III and angiopoietin-like proteins) are being investigated for their impact on lipid profiles and cardiovascular outcomes.

Conclusions:

• Hypertriglyceridemia remains a critical target for cardiovascular risk reduction.
• Emerging therapies offer new avenues for managing hypertriglyceridemia and improving cardiovascular health.
• Further research is needed to fully elucidate the cardiovascular benefits of novel triglyceride-lowering treatments.