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Drug-mucus actions and interactions.

C Marriott1

  • 1Department of Pharmacy, Brighton Polytechnic, Moulsecoomb, UK.

Symposia of the Society for Experimental Biology
|January 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary

Mucus secretions involve more than glycoproteins, including defense proteins. Changes in cell sensitivity to agonists may alter mucus during disease, impacting conditions like chronic obstructive airways disease.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Mucus secretions, traditionally viewed as glycoprotein-based, also contain co-secreted macromolecules like lysozyme, lactoferrin, and albumin.
  • These co-secreted substances, particularly albumin synthesized within serous cells, contribute to the natural defense system of the respiratory tract.
  • Goblet cells in the gastrointestinal tract differ in innervation and agonist response compared to other locations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the composition and function of mucus secretions beyond high molecular weight glycoproteins.
  • To explore the role of different cell types within mucosal glands and their responses to agonists.
  • To understand how alterations in mucus properties affect disease processes and drug absorption.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of co-secreted macromolecules in respiratory gland secretions.
  • Investigation of cellular responses to agonists in different mucosal tissues.
  • Assessment of mucus barrier function and drug diffusion characteristics.
  • Evaluation of agents affecting mucus secretion and inflammatory responses in animal models.

Main Results:

  • Serous cells secrete defense proteins like lysozyme, lactoferrin, and albumin.
  • Cellular sensitivity to agonists can influence mucus secretion type and quantity, potentially impacting disease.
  • Reduced serous cell numbers in chronic obstructive airways disease may be significant.
  • Substances affecting mucus structure, like bile surfactants, can cause membrane damage; phosphatidylcholine offers protection.
  • Mucus hinders drug molecule diffusion, with absorption correlating to mucus glycoprotein binding.
  • Bromhexine and S-carboxymethylcysteine inhibit mucus secretagogues and inflammatory responses to cigarette smoke in rats.
  • These agents also affect the cervical mucus barrier.

Conclusions:

  • Mucus composition is complex, involving glycoproteins and other defense proteins.
  • Altered cellular responses and mucus properties play a role in respiratory and gastrointestinal diseases.
  • Understanding mucus function is crucial for drug delivery and managing conditions like chronic obstructive airways disease.
  • Agents like bromhexine and S-carboxymethylcysteine have broad effects on mucus barriers and inflammation.

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