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Published on: December 14, 2014
[Study of teratogenicity of 2, 2-dinitroethene-1, 1-diamine in sprague dawley rats]
Zhiyong Liu1, Panhong Zhang, Hong Wang
1CNGC Institute of Industrial Health, Xi'an 710065, China.
Objective:
To detect the toxicity and teratogenicity of 2, 2-dinitroethene-1, 1-diamine (FOX-7) in rats.
Methods:
125 adult SD rats were randomly divided into five groups, which are negative control (0 mg/kg) , positive control (280 mg/kg aspirin) , and three dose groups (5, 15, and 45 mg/kg) . They were administrated by gavage once a day from the 5th days to 19th days after pregnancy. The weight changes and toxicity of pregnant rats are recorded within the study, and the skeleton and internal organs malformations are detected by the recommended methods.
Results:
After 5 or 6 days being poisoned, the pregnant rats appear significantly toxicity symptoms, such as exciting, irritability, and so on. The net weight raise in high dose group is less than the negative group, while the numbers of dead foetus in median and high dose groups are both more than that of negative group. Comparing with the negative group, the body weight and body lenghth of foetus rats in median and high dose groups, and the tail lenghth in high dose group are lower significantly. There are no external malformations in negative group and three dose groups. However, the foetus of high dose group appear significant skeleton and internal organs malformation prevalences that are significant more than negative group, including lateral cerebral ventricles enlarged, which accounts for 9.17%, occipital bone lost, which accounts for 2.59%.
Conclusion:
FOX-7 can induced maternal reproductive toxicity, foetus toxicity and teratogenicity hazards to rats.
Insights
2,2-dinitroethene-1,1-diamine (FOX-7) causes maternal reproductive toxicity, fetal toxicity, and teratogenicity in rats. High doses led to significant fetal malformations, including enlarged ventricles and occipital bone loss.
Area of Science:
- Reproductive Toxicology
- Developmental Toxicology
- Chemical Safety Assessment
Background:
- The compound 2,2-dinitroethene-1,1-diamine (FOX-7) is a chemical agent requiring toxicological evaluation.
- Assessing the reproductive and developmental toxicity of novel chemical compounds is crucial for human and environmental safety.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the toxicity and teratogenicity of 2,2-dinitroethene-1,1-diamine (FOX-7) in a rat model.
- To determine the potential reproductive hazards associated with FOX-7 exposure during gestation.
Main Methods:
- Adult Sprague-Dawley rats were administered varying doses of FOX-7 (5, 15, 45 mg/kg) or controls (aspirin, vehicle) via gavage.
- Exposure occurred daily from gestation day 5 to 19.
- Maternal weight changes, toxicity symptoms, fetal development, and malformations (skeletal and internal organs) were assessed.
Main Results:
- FOX-7 induced significant maternal toxicity, including excitement and irritability.
- High-dose exposure resulted in reduced maternal weight gain and increased fetal death.
- Fetal rats exposed to median and high doses exhibited significantly lower body weight, body length, and tail length (high dose only).
- Significant skeletal and internal organ malformations were observed in the high-dose group, including enlarged lateral cerebral ventricles and occipital bone loss.
Conclusions:
- 2,2-dinitroethene-1,1-diamine (FOX-7) exhibits significant maternal reproductive toxicity in rats.
- FOX-7 exposure during pregnancy induces fetal toxicity and teratogenic effects.
- The findings highlight the teratogenic hazards of FOX-7, necessitating careful risk assessment.
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