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Related Experiment Video

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Assessment of Physical Activity Intensity with Accelerometers and Oxygen Consumption

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Validity of Consumer-Based Physical Activity Monitors for Specific Activity Types.

M Benjamin Nelson¹, Leonard A Kaminsky, D Clark Dickin

¹1Clinical Exercise Physiology Program, Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, IN; 2Fisher Institute for Wellness and Gerontology, Ball State University, Muncie, IN; and 3Biomechanics Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, IN.

Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise

|March 26, 2016

Summary

Consumer physical activity monitors accurately track steps during walking but overestimate energy expenditure during general activities. Use these devices cautiously for energy expenditure tracking.

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Area of Science:

Wearable technology
Biomedical engineering
Exercise physiology

Background:

Consumer physical activity monitors are widely used for tracking daily activity.
Limited research exists on their accuracy for energy expenditure and step counts across diverse activities.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the accuracy of Fitbit (One, Zip, Flex) and Jawbone UP24 monitors.
To assess energy expenditure (EE) and step count estimation for specific activities and activity categories.

Main Methods:

Thirty participants engaged in a protocol of sedentary, household, and ambulatory/exercise activities.
Indirect calorimetry and researcher-counted steps served as criterion measures.
Data were analyzed using Friedman's test and mean absolute percent error (MAPE).

Main Results:

Monitors showed high EE accuracy (within 8%) for sedentary tasks but overestimated by 16%-40% during ambulatory activities.
EE was underestimated by 27%-34% during household activities, except for the Fitbit Flex (within 8%).
Step accuracy varied, with Fitbit Flex and other monitors performing well during ambulatory activities but poorly during cycling.

Conclusions:

Consumer physical activity monitors should be used with caution for estimating energy expenditure.
These devices provide accurate step measurements for structured ambulatory activities, comparable to validated pedometers.