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A rapid test for assessing disease activity in ulcerative colitis.

Mihaela Dranga1, Catalina Mihai, Vasile Drug

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Fecal calprotectin, C-reactive protein, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate offer a less invasive way to monitor ulcerative colitis activity. Combining these markers can help reduce the need for colonoscopies in patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research
  • Clinical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Endoscopic examination is the gold standard for monitoring ulcerative colitis (UC) activity.
  • However, colonoscopy is invasive, posing risks and discomfort to patients.
  • There is a need for less invasive methods to assess UC activity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify a less invasive method for assessing ulcerative colitis activity compared to colonoscopy.
  • To evaluate the utility of fecal calprotectin and other inflammatory markers in monitoring UC.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study involving 103 ulcerative colitis patients.
  • Measurement of fecal calprotectin using a semi-quantitative rapid test.
  • Evaluation of complete blood count, liver/kidney function, glycaemia, serum proteins, and inflammatory markers.

Main Results:

  • Mayo score correlated with fecal calprotectin, C-reactive protein (CRP), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (p<0.05).
  • Fecal calprotectin demonstrated high sensitivity (98.0%) and specificity (76.7%).
  • Combined analysis of markers' sensitivity and specificity was performed.

Conclusions:

  • Semi-quantitative fecal calprotectin tests effectively differentiate active from inactive ulcerative colitis.
  • Individual fecal calprotectin offers high sensitivity for assessing endoscopic activity.
  • Combined determination of fecal calprotectin, CRP, and ESR is valuable for monitoring patients and reducing unnecessary colonoscopies.