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Related Concept Videos

Imaging Studies VII: Vascular Imaging01:19

Imaging Studies VII: Vascular Imaging

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DefinitionRenal angiography, also known as renal arteriography, is an imaging technique used to obtain a comprehensive view of blood flow and the vascular structure of blood vessels in the kidneys and surrounding areas.PurposeRenal angiography detects blood vessel abnormalities in the kidneys, such as aneurysms, stenosis, thrombosis, vascular tumors, and renal artery stenosis. It evaluates kidney function and guides interventional treatments like angioplasty or stent placement.Pre-Procedure...
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Imaging Studies II: Ultrasonography01:24

Imaging Studies II: Ultrasonography

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IntroductionUltrasonography, or renal ultrasound, is a noninvasive medical imaging technique that uses high-frequency sound waves to visualize the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and surrounding tissues.Indications for Urinary System UltrasonographyUrinary system ultrasonography is indicated in various clinical scenarios, such as:Kidney Stones (Urolithiasis): To detect and monitor the size and presence of kidney or urinary tract stones.Hydronephrosis: To assess the dilation of the renal pelvis and...
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Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography01:27

Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography

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DefinitionComputed Tomography (CT) of the genitourinary (GU) tract is a non-invasive imaging modality that utilizes X-rays and computer processing to generate detailed cross-sectional images of the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and adjacent structures such as the adrenal glands.PurposeCT scans of the GU tract serve several diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Diseases: Detects kidney stones, tumors, cysts, and congenital...
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Imaging Studies IV: Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:27

Imaging Studies IV: Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Introduction:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, or MRI, can include a specialized imaging technique of the urinary system known as Magnetic Resonance Urography (MRU). This radiation-free technique uses strong magnetic fields and radio waves to produce detailed images with the help of a computer. MRU is particularly effective for visualizing fluid-filled structures like the kidneys, ureters, and bladder.Applications of MRI in the Genitourinary SystemKidneys and Ureters: MRI detects tumors, cysts,...
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Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography01:22

Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography

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IntroductionIntravenous Urography (IVU) and Retrograde Pyelography (RP) are important diagnostic imaging techniques used to evaluate the urinary system. These methods help identify structural abnormalities, obstructions, and functional issues in the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. Both procedures use iodine-based contrast media to enhance the visibility of urinary tract structures on X-ray images, though they differ in their methods and indications.1. Intravenous Urography (IVU)Intravenous...
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Radiological Investigation I: X-ray and CT01:30

Radiological Investigation I: X-ray and CT

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Radiological investigations, including X-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans, are critical for diagnosing and evaluating various medical conditions. These imaging techniques provide valuable insights into the body's internal structures, aiding in the detection of abnormalities, assessment of disease progression, and development of treatment strategies. This article delves into two primary radiological investigations, chest X-rays and CT scans, outlining their purpose, procedures, and...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 23, 2026

Author Spotlight: Developing a Bedside Protocol for Kidney and Genitourinary Ultrasonography
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Imaging patients with renal impairment.

Mahan Mathur1, Jeffrey C Weinreb2

  • 1Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, Room TE-2, PO Box 208042, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA. mahan.mathur@gmail.com.

Abdominal Radiology (New York)
|March 27, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Intravenous contrast media carries risks for kidney injury, especially in patients with worsening renal function. This review covers contrast-induced nephropathy, nephrogenic systemic fibrosis, and prevention strategies.

Keywords:
ContrastContrast mediaContrast-induced nephropathyNephrogenic systemic fibrosisRenal failure

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Radiology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Intravascular contrast media is generally safe for patients without renal failure.
  • Risk of non-allergic adverse events increases with deteriorating renal function.
  • Contrast media use is sometimes essential for diagnosis despite renal risks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the definition and epidemiology of kidney injury.
  • To discuss the evolving understanding of contrast-induced nephropathy and nephrogenic systemic fibrosis.
  • To explore preventative strategies and alternative imaging techniques.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review on contrast media adverse events.
  • Analysis of diagnostic imaging challenges in renal impairment.
  • Discussion of preventative measures and non-contrast imaging.

Main Results:

  • Contrast-induced nephropathy and nephrogenic systemic fibrosis are key concerns in renal impairment.
  • Preventative strategies are crucial for minimizing risks associated with contrast media.
  • Non-contrast imaging offers an alternative in specific clinical scenarios.

Conclusions:

  • Managing risks of contrast media in patients with kidney disease is critical.
  • Understanding and applying preventative strategies can reduce adverse events.
  • Exploring alternative imaging modalities is important for patient safety.