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Related Concept Videos

Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex01:14

Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex

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The cerebral cortex, the brain's outermost layer, is pivotal in processing complex cognitive tasks, emotions, and various sensory inputs and executing voluntary motor activities. This intricate structure is divided into three primary functional areas: the motor areas, sensory areas, and association areas.
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The motor areas located in the frontal lobe are central to controlling voluntary movements. This region is further subdivided into the primary motor cortex and the premotor cortex....
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Visual System01:26

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Light enters the eye through the cornea, a transparent, dome-shaped surface covering the surface of the eyeball that helps to direct and focus incoming light. This light is then channeled toward the pupil, an adjustable opening whose size is controlled by the iris. The iris, a pigmented muscle, regulates the amount of light entering the eye by contracting or dilating the pupil, thereby ensuring optimal light levels for clear vision.
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Vision01:24

Vision

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Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
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Major Somatic Sensory Pathways01:28

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Sensory impulses related to touch, pressure, vibration, and proprioception from various body parts, such as the limbs, trunk, neck, and posterior head, travel to the cerebral cortex through the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway. The pathway’s name derives from the two white-matter tracts that convey the impulses: the spinal cord's posterior column and the brainstem's medial lemniscus. First-order sensory neurons extend their axons into the spinal cord, forming the...
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Overview of Somatic Sensory Pathways01:29

Overview of Somatic Sensory Pathways

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Somatic sensory or somatosensory pathways refer to the neural pathways that carry information related to touch, pressure, pain, temperature, and proprioception from the skin, muscles, tendons, and joints to the brain. These pathways involve several stages of processing and integration of sensory information.
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The dorsal...
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Indirect Motor Pathways01:22

Indirect Motor Pathways

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The indirect motor or extrapyramidal pathways originate in the brainstem, the lower portion of the brain that connects it to the spinal cord. They consist of several distinct tracts, each with specialized functions. The four main tracts of the indirect motor pathways are the vestibulospinal tract, the reticulospinal tract, the tectospinal tract, and the rubrospinal tract.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 23, 2026

Investigating the Deployment of Visual Attention Before Accurate and Averaging Saccades via Eye Tracking and Assessment of Visual Sensitivity
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Investigating the Deployment of Visual Attention Before Accurate and Averaging Saccades via Eye Tracking and Assessment of Visual Sensitivity

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Multiple Sensory-Motor Pathways Lead to Coordinated Visual Attention.

Chen Yu1, Linda B Smith1

  • 1Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Cognitive Science Program, Indiana University.

Cognitive Science
|March 27, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Joint attention, crucial for language development, emerges from complex sensory-motor patterns between parents and toddlers. This study reveals multiple pathways and developmental changes in achieving coordinated visual attention.

Keywords:
Coordinated behaviorEarly developmentEmbodied cognitionEye trackingEye-hand coordinationJoint attention

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Human-Computer Interaction

Background:

  • Joint attention is vital for child development, particularly language acquisition.
  • Understanding the sensory-motor underpinnings of joint attention is key to developmental research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the complex sensory-motor behaviors enabling joint attention between parents and toddlers.
  • To identify specific visual and manual actions preceding and co-occurring with joint attention.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a dual head-mounted eye-tracking system for objective measurement.
  • Employed frame-by-frame coding of manual actions during parent-toddler play.
  • Tracked simultaneous visual fixations and hand actions of participants.

Main Results:

  • Identified multiple sequential sensory-motor patterns leading to joint attention.
  • Observed developmental variations in the strength of different pathways to joint attention.
  • Confirmed that coordinated visual attention is primarily a sensory-motor behavior.

Conclusions:

  • Joint attention in parent-toddler dyads is a complex sensory-motor skill.
  • Skill acquisition in coordinated visual attention emerges through multiple developmental pathways.
  • This research provides insights into the fundamental mechanisms of early social interaction.