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Determining Solubility and Diffusivity by Using a Flow Cell Coupled to a Mass Spectrometer.

Mehdi Khodayari1, Philip Reinsberg1, Abd-El-Aziz A Abd-El-Latif1,2

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|March 28, 2016
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Summary

A new method accurately measures oxygen solubility and diffusion in electrolytes for metal-air batteries. Increased salt concentration decreases oxygen solubility and diffusion due to a "salting out" effect.

Keywords:
diffusionelectrochemistrymass spectrometrysolubilitythin layer flow cell

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Metal-air batteries require electrolytes with specific properties like high oxygen solubility and stability.
  • Selecting suitable electrolytes is crucial for improving metal-air battery performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel method for determining oxygen solubility and diffusion coefficients in various electrolytes.
  • To investigate the impact of salt concentration on oxygen transport properties in electrolytes.

Main Methods:

  • A thin-layer flow-through cell coupled to a mass spectrometer via a porous Teflon membrane was employed.
  • The method utilizes varying flow rates (0.1 to 80 µL/s) to differentiate between concentration and diffusion effects.
  • Oxygen concentrations and diffusion coefficients were measured in aqueous and non-aqueous electrolytes with different salts (Li+, K+, Mg2+).

Main Results:

  • The developed method accurately determined oxygen solubility and diffusion coefficients, showing good agreement with literature data.
  • Oxygen solubility and diffusion coefficients decreased with increasing salt concentration in electrolytes.
  • A "salting out" effect was identified as the cause for reduced oxygen solubility and diffusion at higher salt concentrations.

Conclusions:

  • The described flow-through cell-mass spectrometry method is a reliable technique for characterizing volatile species in electrolytes.
  • Understanding and quantifying oxygen transport properties is vital for advancing metal-air battery technology.
  • The "salting out" phenomenon significantly impacts electrolyte performance in metal-air batteries, necessitating careful electrolyte formulation.