[Adult orbital tumors].

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Oncology
• Radiology

Background:

• Orbital tumors represent a frequent and challenging pathology.
• They encompass a wide range of benign and malignant neoplasms arising from diverse orbital tissues.
• Common benign types include meningiomas and cavernous hemangiomas; malignant types include lymphomas, metastases, ENT tumors, and lacrimal gland tumors in adults.

Purpose of the Study:

• To summarize the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for orbital tumors.
• To highlight the importance of integrating clinical, imaging, and histological data for effective management.

Main Methods:

• Clinical evaluation of nonspecific signs such as proptosis, oculomotor disturbances, and pain.
• Multimodal imaging techniques including CT, MRI, and color Doppler ultrasound to delineate tumor characteristics.
• Histopathological confirmation through biopsy and cytopathologic examination.

Main Results:

• Imaging modalities effectively visualize tumor location, extent, and potential metastases.
• Biopsy and subsequent analysis are crucial for definitive tumor classification (benign vs. malignant).
• A multidisciplinary tumor conference approach guides treatment decisions.

Conclusions:

• Diagnosis relies on a triad of clinical presentation, imaging findings, and histological confirmation.
• Surgical intervention is a primary treatment modality, often complemented by radiation therapy and chemotherapy.
• Effective management necessitates a comprehensive, multidisciplinary strategy for orbital neoplasms.