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Familial occurrence in cardiovascular diseases. Cardiovascular involvement in genetic disorders (2)
Insights
This review examines inherited cardiovascular diseases, covering both familial conditions and multisystem disorders. Understanding genetic links is crucial for diagnosing and managing these complex heart conditions.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Genetics
- Medical Genetics
Background:
- Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) exhibit significant familial aggregation, suggesting a strong genetic component.
- Inherited CVDs range from primary heart conditions to multisystem disorders with cardiac manifestations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current knowledge on the inheritance patterns of cardiovascular diseases.
- To consolidate information on genetic CVDs, including familial and multisystemic conditions.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of familial cardiovascular diseases.
- Examination of inherited multisystem disorders with cardiovascular involvement.
Main Results:
- Detailed genetic aspects of primary cardiomyopathies, arrhythmias, congenital heart defects, coronary artery disease, and hypertension are discussed.
- Cardiovascular findings in chromosomal aberrations, connective tissue disorders, metabolic, and neuromuscular disorders are reported.
Conclusions:
- Familial occurrence is well-established for several major cardiovascular diseases.
- Genetic factors play a significant role in a wide spectrum of cardiovascular conditions, necessitating further research.
Abstract:
Current knowledge and assumptions about inheritance of cardiovascular diseases are reported in this review. They are examined from two different points of view. In the first section (familial cardiovascular diseases) discussion centered on main cardiovascular diseases with a definite clinical and pathophysiological feature in which familial occurrence has been extensively demonstrated. The genetic aspects of the primary cardiomyopathies, mitral valve prolapse, arrhythmias and conduction disturbances, long QT syndromes and abnormalities of ventricular repolarization, cardiovascular malformations, coronary artery disease, essential hypertension and rheumatic fever were examined. In this section discussion will be confined to the inherited multisystem disorders involving the cardiovascular system that most frequently occur in clinical practice. Currently known cardiovascular findings in relationship to chromosomal aberrations, connective tissue disorders, metabolic and enzymatic disorders, neuromuscular disorders and other rarer syndromes will be reported.