Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...

MicroRNAs

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...

MicroRNAs

MicroRNAs

Proteomics

Proteomics

A proteome is the entire set of proteins that a cell type produces. We can study proteomes using the knowledge of genomes because genes code for mRNAs, and the mRNAs encode proteins. Although mRNA analysis is a step in the right direction, not all mRNAs are translated into proteins.
Proteomics is the study of proteomes' function. It involves the large-scale systematic study of the proteome to denote the protein complement expressed by a genome. Scientist Mark Wilkins coined the term...

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Evolutionary Study of Transposable Elements: Structural Characterization and Phylogenomic Profiling in Plant Genomes.

Journal of molecular evolution·2026

Same author

Real-world evidence of urinary tract infections and genital tract infections with sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) alone or in combination with dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4i) in individuals with type-2 diabetes mellitus in India.

BMC endocrine disorders·2026

Same author

Lifestyle Behaviors, Comorbidity Patterns, and Preventive Health Practices Among Middle Age Practicing Physicians in India: A Cross-Sectional Survey-Based Analysis.

Journal of mid-life health·2025

Same author

Genome-wide analysis of NAC transcription factors in grain amaranth reveals structural diversity and regulatory features.

Scientific reports·2025

Same author

A chromosome-scale reference genome assembly of pigeonpea wild relative Cajanus platycarpus highlights the evolutionary decline of defence genes in Cajanus cajan.

Journal of experimental botany·2025

Same author

Chik Sign-A Relevant Tool for Clinical Diagnosis of Chikungunya Fever in Resource-limited Setting.

The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India..·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 23, 2026

A Complete Pipeline for Isolating and Sequencing MicroRNAs, and Analyzing Them Using Open Source Tools

A Complete Pipeline for Isolating and Sequencing MicroRNAs, and Analyzing Them Using Open Source Tools

Published on: August 21, 2019

microRNAs Databases: Developmental Methodologies, Structural and Functional Annotations.

Nagendra Kumar Singh¹

¹Department of Biological Science and Engineering, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal, M.P., 462003, India. nagendravns@gmail.com.

Interdisciplinary Sciences, Computational Life Sciences

|March 30, 2016

Summary

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key gene regulators. This review highlights miRNA databases, detailing their development, content, and user interface efficiency for understanding miRNA functions and associated diseases.

Keywords:

Animal Biogenesis Databases Disease Plant miRNA target miRNAs

More Related Videos

mirMachine: A One-Stop Shop for Plant miRNA Annotation

mirMachine: A One-Stop Shop for Plant miRNA Annotation

Published on: May 1, 2021

MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method

MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method

Published on: October 7, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 23, 2026

A Complete Pipeline for Isolating and Sequencing MicroRNAs, and Analyzing Them Using Open Source Tools

A Complete Pipeline for Isolating and Sequencing MicroRNAs, and Analyzing Them Using Open Source Tools

Published on: August 21, 2019

mirMachine: A One-Stop Shop for Plant miRNA Annotation

mirMachine: A One-Stop Shop for Plant miRNA Annotation

Published on: May 1, 2021

MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method

MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method

Published on: October 7, 2025

Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Bioinformatics
Genomics

Background:

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous, conserved non-coding RNAs regulating gene expression post-transcriptionally.
miRNAs function via the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), leading to gene repression or mRNA cleavage.
Dysregulation of miRNA activity is implicated in numerous diseases and syndromes.

Purpose of the Study:

To review existing miRNA databases, focusing on their structural and functional annotations.
To discuss the methodologies, including computational tools and experimental techniques, used in developing these databases.
To evaluate the efficiency of user interface design and the comprehensiveness of annotations (pathways, gene ontology, disease ontology) within these resources.

Main Methods:

Literature review of miRNA databases and their development methodologies.
Analysis of database content, including structural and functional annotations for animal, plant, and virus miRNAs.
Comparative assessment of user interface designs and annotation types across different databases.

Main Results:

Databases provide diverse information on miRNA sequences, structures, functions, and associated diseases.
Methodologies for database construction involve computational tools and experimental data extraction.
User interface efficiency and annotation richness vary among databases, impacting their utility.

Conclusions:

miRNA databases are crucial resources for understanding complex biological phenomena and gene regulation.
This review consolidates information on various miRNA resources, aiding researchers in selecting appropriate tools.
Highlighting database construction and annotation strategies facilitates the development of more comprehensive and user-friendly miRNA information systems.