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[Changes in the enamel surface after calculus removal].

H C Plagmann, M Wartenberg, T Kocher

Deutsche Zahnarztliche Zeitschrift

|April 1, 1989

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Hand-held instruments for calculus removal are safe for tooth enamel. However, automatic instruments, especially sharp-edged ones, can cause significant enamel damage and should be reserved for tough calculus removal.

Area of Science:

Dental hygiene
Biomaterials science
Clinical dentistry

Background:

Dental calculus removal is essential for oral health.
Various instruments, including hand-held and automatic devices, are used for calculus removal.
The potential for iatrogenic damage to tooth enamel during calculus removal requires investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the effect of different calculus removal instruments on tooth enamel surface.
To compare the surface lesion rates, extent, and depth caused by hand-held curettes, ultrasonic units, and air scalers.
To determine the optimal use of automatic calculus removal instruments.

Main Methods:

A clinical trial involving 140 teeth was conducted.
Enamel surfaces were assessed for lesions after calculus removal using a Gracey curette 5/6, an ultrasonic unit, and three air scalers with five different tips.

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Surface lesions were measured for rate, extent, and depth.

Main Results:

The hand-held Gracey curette 5/6 did not cause damage to the enamel surface.
Surface lesions from automatic instruments were dependent on equipment type and tip configuration.
Sharp-edged instruments used with automatic devices resulted in more severe enamel destruction.

Conclusions:

Hand-held instruments are safe for routine dental cleaning.
Automatic calculus removal instruments should not be used for routine cleaning due to potential enamel damage.
Automatic instruments are best reserved for initial removal of old, hard, and tenacious calculus.