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The patient with anemia.

Aryeh Shander1, Mazyar Javidroozi

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Englewood Hospital and Medical Center, Englewood, New Jersey, USA.

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Summary
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Anemia is common in surgical patients, increasing risks and transfusion needs. Early screening and patient blood management are crucial for better outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology
  • Hematology
  • Surgical Patient Care

Background:

  • Anemia is a prevalent global health concern.
  • Surgical patients exhibit high rates of anemia, affecting up to 100% of this population.
  • Anemia is a significant risk factor for adverse surgical outcomes and increased blood transfusions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent findings on anemia in surgical patients.
  • To highlight the importance of anemia management in the perioperative setting.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on anemia in surgical patients.
  • Analysis of the impact of anemia on perioperative outcomes.
  • Evaluation of patient blood management strategies.

Main Results:

  • Anemia prevalence in surgical populations is high, ranging from 33% to 100%.
  • Anemia is an independent, modifiable risk factor for complications, diminished functional outcomes, and allogeneic blood transfusions.
  • Opportunities for anemia management in the perioperative period are frequently missed.

Conclusions:

  • Active screening and management of anemia in surgical patients are essential.
  • Patient blood management offers evidence-based strategies to mitigate anemia risks and improve outcomes.
  • Preventive measures, such as reducing unnecessary blood draws, are effective.