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The Roles of MDM2 and MDMX in Cancer

Orit Karni-Schmidt1, Maria Lokshin1, Carol Prives1

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027;

Annual Review of Pathology
|March 30, 2016
PubMed

Insights

MDM2 and MDMX proteins promote cancer by inhibiting the p53 tumor suppressor. Understanding their roles in cancer may lead to new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies targeting these oncogenic proteins.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • MDM2 and MDMX (MDM4) are oncogenic proteins with over 25 years of research.
  • They primarily function as negative regulators of the p53 tumor suppressor protein.
  • Potential p53-independent roles in tumorigenesis are also being investigated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the dysregulation of MDM2 and MDMX in human cancers.
  • To elucidate their distinct and collaborative roles in tumorigenesis.
  • To identify potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on MDM2, MDMX, and p53 interactions in cancer.
  • Analysis of cancer genomics data to identify dysregulation patterns.
  • Functional studies investigating oncogenic mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • MDM2 and MDMX are frequently dysregulated in various human cancers.
  • Both proteins contribute to oncogenesis through p53 inhibition and potentially other pathways.
  • Their combined or individual actions are critical in tumor development.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding MDM2 and MDMX functions is crucial for cancer diagnosis and prognosis.
  • Targeting MDM2, MDMX, or their regulators presents a promising therapeutic avenue for cancer treatment.
Keywords:
MDM2MDMXcancerp53tumorigenesis

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