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Recurrent Fever in Children.

Sofia Torreggiani1, Giovanni Filocamo2, Susanna Esposito3

  • 1Pediatric Medium Intensive Care Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy. sofia.torreggiani@unimi.it.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|March 30, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Recurrent fever in children is a diagnostic challenge. This review covers infectious and noninfectious causes, emphasizing key history elements and the need for thorough evaluation to identify rare conditions.

Keywords:
autoinflammatory disorderspediatric infectious diseasesperiodic feverrecurrent fever

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Recurrent fever in children presents diagnostic challenges.
  • Common causes like independent infections must be excluded.
  • A broad differential diagnosis is necessary.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize infectious and noninfectious causes of recurrent fever in pediatric patients.
  • To highlight key diagnostic considerations for recurrent fever.

Main Methods:

  • Review of infectious and noninfectious etiologies of recurrent fever.
  • Emphasis on clinical history elements: age, family history, episode characteristics, symptoms, travel, and animal exposure.
  • Guidance on physical examination and laboratory investigations.

Main Results:

  • Many infective causes are rare in Western countries after excluding common infections.
  • Malignancy and infectious processes must be ruled out, especially before steroid therapy.
  • Immune-mediated and autoinflammatory diseases are considered after excluding infection or neoplasia.

Conclusions:

  • A detailed case history and physical exam are crucial for diagnosing recurrent fever.
  • Despite thorough evaluation, some cases may remain unexplained.
  • Watchful follow-up is essential as new signs may emerge over time.