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Related Experiment Videos

Self development and self-conscious emotions.

M Lewis1, M W Sullivan, C Stanger

  • 1Institute for the Study of Child Development, UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick 08903-0019.

Child Development
|February 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Children

Area of Science:

  • Developmental psychology
  • Child psychology
  • Social-emotional development

Background:

  • Self-recognition is a key developmental milestone.
  • Understanding the emotions associated with self-recognition is crucial for social development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between self-recognition and specific emotional behaviors in young children.
  • To determine if embarrassment or wariness is linked to the emergence of self-recognition.

Main Methods:

  • Two studies were conducted involving children aged 9-24 months.
  • The mirror-rouge technique was used to assess self-recognition.
  • Children were observed in experimental situations designed to elicit fear and embarrassment.

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Main Results:

  • Both studies found a significant relationship between embarrassment and self-recognition.
  • Wariness behaviors were not found to be related to self-recognition.
  • The findings were consistent across different age groups and experimental contexts.

Conclusions:

  • Embarrassment appears to be an early indicator of developing self-awareness in children.
  • Self-recognition is linked to social-emotional development, specifically the ability to experience embarrassment.