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Prelabor Cesarean Section and Risk of Childhood Type 1 Diabetes: A Nationwide Register-based Cohort Study

Tine Dalsgaard Clausen1, Thomas Bergholt, Frank Eriksson

  • 1From the aDepartment of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Nordsjællands Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hillerød, Denmark; bSection of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; and cDepartment of Microbiology, Hvidovre Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)
|April 1, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Cesarean delivery may impact type 1 diabetes risk. This study found prelabor cesarean section was not linked to increased childhood type 1 diabetes risk in offspring. Further research is needed.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Endocrinology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Cesarean section is associated with unfavorable conditions that may influence offspring's risk of type 1 diabetes.
  • Existing study results on this association are conflicting.
  • The study investigates the link between prelabor cesarean section and childhood type 1 diabetes risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the association between prelabor cesarean section and the risk of childhood type 1 diabetes.
  • To clarify conflicting findings from previous research on cesarean delivery and type 1 diabetes risk.

Main Methods:

  • A Danish nationwide cohort study followed singletons born between 1982 and 2010.
  • Data from four national registers were used to gather information on delivery mode, outcomes, and confounders.
  • Cox regression analysis assessed the risk of childhood type 1 diabetes (onset before age 15).

Main Results:

  • A prelabor cesarean section showed a slightly increased hazard ratio (HR=1.2) for childhood type 1 diabetes after adjusting for several factors, but this was not significant after accounting for maternal type 1 diabetes status (HR=1.1).
  • Intrapartum cesarean section was not associated with childhood type 1 diabetes risk.
  • Paternal type 1 diabetes was a stronger risk factor (HR=12) than maternal type 1 diabetes (HR=6.5).

Conclusions:

  • Prelabor cesarean section was not associated with an increased risk of childhood type 1 diabetes.
  • The findings suggest that mode of delivery, specifically prelabor cesarean section, may not be a significant risk factor for childhood type 1 diabetes.
Abstract

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