Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Pharmacogenetics of Drug Targets: β₂-Adrenergic Receptors, Apo E, Thymidylate Synthase01:11

Pharmacogenetics of Drug Targets: β₂-Adrenergic Receptors, Apo E, Thymidylate Synthase

66
Genetic polymorphisms in drug targets have emerged as critical determinants of interindividual variability in drug response and toxicity. Pharmacogenomic investigations increasingly focus on identifying these variations to personalize and optimize therapeutic interventions. A drug target may be a receptor, enzyme, or signaling protein involved in pharmacologic responses or disease-related pathways. While early pharmacogenetic studies focused primarily on drug metabolism, current research...
66
Pharmacogenetic Phenotypes: Alterations in Pharmacokinetics, Drug Targets and Biologic Milieu01:29

Pharmacogenetic Phenotypes: Alterations in Pharmacokinetics, Drug Targets and Biologic Milieu

108
Genetic variations significantly influence drug response through pharmacokinetics, receptor interactions, and biologic milieu modifications. Pharmacokinetic alterations impact drug metabolism and clearance, affecting efficacy and toxicity. Variants in drug-metabolizing enzymes, such as CYP2C9 and CYP2C19, alter drug activation and elimination. For example, CYP2C9 loss-of-function variants require lower warfarin doses to prevent excessive bleeding, while CYP2C19 variants reduce clopidogrel...
108
Principles of Pharmacogenetics: Types of Genetic Variants01:27

Principles of Pharmacogenetics: Types of Genetic Variants

87
The human genome is over 99.9% identical between individuals, yet genetic differences exist at millions of bases. The human genome contains approximately 3 million variant positions per individual, many of which are heterozygous, contributing to genetic diversity and individual traits. Genetic variations include single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), insertions, deletions, and copy number variations (CNVs).SNPs, the most common variation, involve single-base changes in DNA. These can be...
87
Human Genetics01:28

Human Genetics

1.8K
Human genetics provides a profound framework for understanding the interplay between genetic predispositions and human psychology. At the heart of this discipline lies the study of how genes influence physical traits, behaviors, and susceptibility to diseases. Each person carries a unique genetic code that subtly or significantly shapes their psychological and behavioral landscape.
The complex relationship between genetics and psychology is observable through common biological components such...
1.8K
Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets01:29

Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets

76
Advances in genomics have profoundly influenced drug discovery by increasing both the speed and accuracy of pharmaceutical development. Pharmacogenomics, which examines how genetic variation influences drug response, facilitates the identification of novel therapeutic targets and enables patient stratification for personalized treatment. These strategies contribute to improved drug efficacy, minimized adverse effects, and more efficient clinical trial design.Mapping genetic differences...
76
Enzyme-linked Receptors01:00

Enzyme-linked Receptors

88.8K
Enzyme-linked receptors are proteins that act as both receptor and enzyme, activating multiple intracellular signals. This is a large group of receptors that include the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family. Many growth factors and hormones bind to and activate the RTKs.
Neurotrophin (NT) receptors are a family of RTKs, including trkA, trkB, and trkC (tropomyosin-related kinase) receptors. TrkA is specific for nerve growth factor (NGF), neurotrophin-6, and neurotrophin-7. TrkB binds...
88.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Slow Dissociation of Nitazenes from the <i>μ</i>-Opioid Receptor Underlies the Challenge of Overdose Reversal.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Evaluation of the Relationship between Vesicular Monoamine Transporter 2 (VMAT2) Inhibition and Neurologic Adverse Events in Approved Drugs.

ACS pharmacology & translational science·2026
Same author

Combining the alpha-2 adrenergic agonist clonidine with naloxone rescues fentanyl-induced physiologic dysfunction and increases survival.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025
Same author

Mice carrying the human dopamine D2 receptor pathogenic mutation p.Met374Arg exhibit hyperactivity and aberrant D2 receptor function.

Molecular pharmacology·2025
Same author

(N)-Methanocarba-adenosines as monoamine transporter allosteric inhibitors: Extended N<sup>6</sup> groups for bitopic stabilization.

European journal of medicinal chemistry·2025
Same author

Trace amine-associated receptor 1 agonists differentially regulate dopamine transporter function.

Molecular pharmacology·2025
Same journal

Analysis of strength degradation of coal and rock masses and stability of mined areas under long term immersion environment.

PloS one·2026
Same journal

Biogenic Silver-Selenium nanocomposite with anticancer activity and potent efficacy against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

PloS one·2026
Same journal

Preparation and physicochemical characterization of a biodegradable chitosan/carboxymethyl cellulose hydrogel synthesized in NaOH/urea medium.

PloS one·2026
Same journal

Action-guilt, survivor-guilt, and depression in combat-related PTSD.

PloS one·2026
Same journal

Explainable machine learning for predicting activities of daily living at discharge in stroke patients: A retrospective study using SHAP interpretability.

PloS one·2026
Same journal

Deep learning based two-way feature depiction model for brain tumor detection.

PloS one·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 23, 2026

A Phenotyping Regimen for Genetically Modified Mice Used to Study Genes Implicated in Human Diseases of Aging
09:37

A Phenotyping Regimen for Genetically Modified Mice Used to Study Genes Implicated in Human Diseases of Aging

Published on: July 14, 2016

8.9K

Genetic Polymorphisms Affect Mouse and Human Trace Amine-Associated Receptor 1 Function.

Xiao Shi1,2,3, Nicole A R Walter1,3, John H Harkness1,3

  • 1Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Portland, Oregon, United States of America.

Plos One
|April 1, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) variations influence methamphetamine (MA) intake and response. Genetic differences in TAAR1 impact disease predisposition and personalized treatment strategies.

More Related Videos

Gene-environment Interaction Models to Unmask Susceptibility Mechanisms in Parkinson's Disease
08:09

Gene-environment Interaction Models to Unmask Susceptibility Mechanisms in Parkinson's Disease

Published on: January 7, 2014

8.0K
Identification and Classification of Position-specific GABAA Receptor Subunit Missense Variants for Their Role In Hippocampal Pyramidal Neurons
08:04

Identification and Classification of Position-specific GABAA Receptor Subunit Missense Variants for Their Role In Hippocampal Pyramidal Neurons

Published on: June 6, 2025

1.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 23, 2026

A Phenotyping Regimen for Genetically Modified Mice Used to Study Genes Implicated in Human Diseases of Aging
09:37

A Phenotyping Regimen for Genetically Modified Mice Used to Study Genes Implicated in Human Diseases of Aging

Published on: July 14, 2016

8.9K
Gene-environment Interaction Models to Unmask Susceptibility Mechanisms in Parkinson's Disease
08:09

Gene-environment Interaction Models to Unmask Susceptibility Mechanisms in Parkinson's Disease

Published on: January 7, 2014

8.0K
Identification and Classification of Position-specific GABAA Receptor Subunit Missense Variants for Their Role In Hippocampal Pyramidal Neurons
08:04

Identification and Classification of Position-specific GABAA Receptor Subunit Missense Variants for Their Role In Hippocampal Pyramidal Neurons

Published on: June 6, 2025

1.7K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pharmacology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) is a G protein-coupled receptor activated by methamphetamine and endogenous compounds.
  • TAAR1 is implicated in various human conditions, including addiction, obesity, and psychiatric disorders.
  • TAAR1 is expressed in the brain, immune cells, and cardiovascular system, suggesting diverse physiological roles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the functional consequences of genetic variations in mouse and human TAAR1.
  • To explore the impact of TAAR1 polymorphisms on methamphetamine (MA) intake and behavioral responses.
  • To understand the genetic basis of TAAR1 function and its implications for disease susceptibility.

Main Methods:

  • Receptor binding and functional assays using recombinant mouse and human TAAR1 variants.
  • Methamphetamine self-administration studies in wild-type, Taar1 knockout, and DBA/2J mice.
  • Analysis of TAAR1 alleles in recombinant inbred mouse strains and human populations.

Main Results:

  • Endogenous agonists activated the C57BL/6 mouse TAAR1 but not the DBA/2J mouse TAAR1 variant.
  • DBA/2J mice, possessing a non-functional TAAR1 allele, exhibited higher MA intake compared to C57BL/6 mice.
  • Human TAAR1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) resulted in receptors with varying degrees of function, from fully functional to non-functional.

Conclusions:

  • Genetic variations in TAAR1 significantly alter receptor function and response to agonists like MA.
  • The identified TAAR1 polymorphisms may contribute to individual differences in MA addiction vulnerability.
  • Understanding TAAR1 genetic variations is crucial for predicting disease risk and developing personalized therapeutic interventions.