Two-dimensional MoS₂: A promising building block for biosensors

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Nanotechnology
• Chemistry

Background:

• Two-dimensional (2D) layered nanomaterials exhibit unique physicochemical properties due to quantum confinement effects in their ultra-thin structures.
• 2D molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), an inorganic analog to graphene, possesses a finite bandgap, making it a strong candidate for electronics and optoelectronics.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the historical development of ultrathin 2D nanomaterials.
• To provide a comprehensive overview of 2D MoS2, focusing on its structure-property relationships, synthesis, characterization, and biosensor applications over the last five years.
• To highlight recent advancements in 2D MoS2-based biosensors, detailing sensing element preparation, the role of 2D MoS2, and assay strategies.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of ultrathin 2D nanomaterials, with a specific focus on 2D MoS2.
• Analysis of structure-property relationships, synthesis techniques, and characterization methods for layer thickness determination.
• Examination of recent research on 2D MoS2-based biosensors, including preparation, functionality, and assay design.

Main Results:

• 2D MoS2 demonstrates significant potential to complement or surpass graphene in electronic and optoelectronic applications.
• Recent advances showcase the efficacy of 2D MoS2 in developing highly sensitive and selective biosensors.
• Key aspects of 2D MoS2 biosensor development include tailored synthesis of sensing elements and strategic utilization of MoS2's properties.

Conclusions:

• 2D MoS2 is a promising material for next-generation biosensors, offering unique advantages over traditional materials.
• Further research into 2D MoS2 and related ultrathin nanomaterials is crucial for overcoming current challenges and unlocking future opportunities in biosensing technology.