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Related Concept Videos

Adrenal Gland Disorders01:27

Adrenal Gland Disorders

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Adrenal gland disorders manifest when the production of adrenal hormones deviates from the norm, resulting in either excessive or insufficient concentrations.
Adrenal insufficiency, characterized by insufficient cortisol and aldosterone production, leads to conditions like Addison's disease. This disorder, affecting the adrenal cortex, exhibits symptoms such as skin bronzing, dehydration, low blood pressure, fatigue, and weight loss. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, a genetic ailment causing...
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Anatomy of the Adrenal Glands01:17

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The adrenal or supra-renal glands, situated above the kidneys and aligned with the twelfth rib, are paired pyramid-shaped structures crucial for the body's stress response. During stress, these glands secrete hormones vital for adaptive physiological reactions.
These glands possess a distinctive yellow tinge due to the stored cholesterol and fatty acids required for hormone synthesis. They are encased in a fibrous capsule and cushioned by fat.
The adrenal gland comprises two distinct...
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Bilateral adrenal masses: a single-centre experience.

Nilesh Lomte1, Tushar Bandgar2, Shruti Khare2

  • 1Department of EndocrinologySeth G S Medical College, KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India enileshlomte@gmail.com.

Endocrine Connections
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Summary

Bilateral adrenal masses present with varied symptoms and features. Pheochromocytoma and tuberculosis are common causes, with distinct clinical and biochemical profiles aiding diagnosis.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Oncology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Bilateral adrenal masses can stem from hyperplasia, infiltrative lesions, or tumors.
  • Hyperplastic and infiltrative lesions may present with hypocortisolism.
  • Hereditary/syndromic associations are common in bilateral adrenal tumors, yet clinical data are limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze clinical, biochemical, and radiological features of bilateral adrenal masses.
  • To evaluate management outcomes in patients with bilateral adrenal masses.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 70 patients with bilateral adrenal masses.
  • Study conducted at a tertiary care endocrine center in western India (2002-2015).

Main Results:

  • Pheochromocytoma (40%) and tuberculosis (27.1%) were the most common etiologies.
  • Age, symptoms (e.g., hyperadrenergic spells, adrenal insufficiency), mass size, and biochemical findings (catecholamine excess, hypocortisolism) differed significantly across etiologies.
  • Pheochromocytoma presented with catecholamine excess, while tuberculosis and lymphoma commonly showed hypocortisolism.

Conclusions:

  • Clinical presentation, including age, symptoms, and mass size, aids in identifying the cause of bilateral adrenal masses.
  • Biochemical features are crucial for differentiating various underlying etiologies of bilateral adrenal masses.