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Related Concept Videos

Overview of Hematopoiesis01:20

Overview of Hematopoiesis

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Hematopoiesis, or blood cell production, is a vital biological process that begins early in embryonic development and continues throughout life. This process generates the various types of cells found in blood, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs).
Developmental Phases of Hematopoiesis
Initially, HSCs are formed in the embryonic yolk sac, a critical site for early blood cell production. These stem cells subsequently migrate to other...
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Hematopoiesis01:21

Hematopoiesis

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The process of blood cell formation is called hematopoiesis. Hematopoiesis starts early during development, on the seventh day of embryogenesis. This phase of hematopoiesis is called the primitive wave, wherein the extraembryonic yolk sac allows the production of erythroid cells and endothelial cells from a common precursor called hemangioblast. The erythroid cells provide oxygen to support the growth of the rapidly dividing embryo. Hemangioblasts later develop into hematopoietic stem cells or...
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Bone Marrow Sampling and Transplants01:22

Bone Marrow Sampling and Transplants

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Bone marrow transplant is a potential cure for several diseases, including cancer and specific genetic disorders. Notably, this procedure is applicable for patients suffering from aplastic anemia, certain types of leukemia, severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID), Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, multiple myeloma, thalassemia, sickle-cell disease, and certain cancers.
The transplant begins with high doses of chemotherapy and radiation treatment, which aim to destroy...
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Disorders of Erythrocytes01:27

Disorders of Erythrocytes

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Disorders of erythrocytes, or red blood cells (RBCs), include a range of conditions affecting their number, shape, or function.
Erythrocyte disorders can be broadly categorized into two main types: anemic and polycythemic conditions.
A low oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood due to the loss, lower production, or destruction of erythrocytes is termed anemia. Hemorrhagic anemia, for example, occurs when bleeding from an external wound or internal ulcer reduces erythrocyte counts.
On the other...
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Blood Transfusion and Agglutination02:45

Blood Transfusion and Agglutination

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Blood transfusion is a therapeutic measure to restore the blood volume after extensive blood loss due to an accident or a medical procedure. Blood transfusion involves drawing a certain amount of blood from a suitable donor and infusing it into the recipient.
History
The history of blood transfusion dates back to the 17th century, when early attempts were made in animals. In 1818 James Blundell, a British doctor, performed the first successful human blood transfusion. Later in 1900, Karl...
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Erythropoiesis01:14

Erythropoiesis

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Red blood cells  (RBCs) transport oxygen to all body tissues. These cells survive only for 120 days and then need to be replenished. Erythropoiesis is the process of RBC production. In healthy individuals, erythropoiesis ensures all tissues are amply supplied with oxygen. In addition, blood loss due to injury leads to a drop in the physiological oxygen level that will cause erythropoiesis. Any defect in erythropoiesis leads to several physiological disorders, including thalassemia, anemia,...
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Related Experiment Video

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Comprehensive & Cost Effective Laboratory Monitoring of HIV/AIDS: an African Role Model
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Hematology in Africa.

Julie Makani1, David J Roberts2

  • 1Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, PO Box 65001, Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania.

Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America
|April 5, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hematology in Africa needs development, focusing on anemia, sickle cell disease, and blood supply. Urgent clinical research is required for better patient care and understanding of blood disorders across the continent.

Keywords:
HematologyIron deficiency anemiaLaboratory hematologyLeukemiaLymphomaSickle cell diseaseSub-Saharan AfricaTransfusion

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Public Health
  • Clinical Research

Background:

  • Current hematology practice in Africa faces significant challenges.
  • Key areas include anemia, sickle cell disease, and blood transfusion services.
  • There's a rising demand for specialized services in coagulation, malignancy, and palliative care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current hematology practices in Africa.
  • To identify immediate needs for development and clinical research.
  • To highlight areas for improving patient care through straightforward measures.

Main Methods:

  • This study is a review of the current state of hematology in Africa.
  • It synthesizes information on existing practices and identifies gaps.
  • Focuses on practical needs and research priorities.

Main Results:

  • Anemia, sickle cell disease, and blood supply are dominant acute hematological issues.
  • Growing needs exist for specialist services in bleeding, coagulation, hematological malignancy, and palliative care.
  • Simple interventions can significantly improve patient outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • There is an urgent need for robust clinical research to understand the epidemiology, natural history, and management of hematological diseases in Africa.
  • Development in specialist services and accessible blood supply is critical.
  • Targeted interventions and research can lead to substantial gains in patient care.