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Dimensional accuracy of dental casting patterns created by 3D printers.

Yoshiki Ishida1, Taira Miyasaka

  • 1Department of Dental Materials Science, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University.

Dental Materials Journal
|April 5, 2016
PubMed
Summary

This study explored 3D printing accuracy for dental crowns, finding dimensional variations and surface roughness depending on the 3D printing technology used. Results indicate 3D printing shows potential but requires further refinement for precise dental applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Dental Materials Science
  • Additive Manufacturing
  • Biomaterials Engineering

Background:

  • While CAD/CAM is established in dentistry, 3D printing applications, particularly with organic materials, remain underexplored.
  • Understanding the precision of 3D printing technologies is crucial for their adoption in creating dental prosthetics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the dimensional accuracy and surface roughness of resin crown patterns fabricated using four different 3D printing technologies.
  • To compare the performance of thermofusion (CX), digital light processing (B9), laser stereo-lithography (DW), and multi-jet modeling (PJ) 3D printers for dental crown fabrication.

Main Methods:

  • Resin patterns for full crown models were created using CX, B9, DW, and PJ 3D printers.
  • Dimensional accuracy was assessed by measuring outer and inner diameters and depths.

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  • Surface roughness of the sidewall was analyzed in relation to the tooth axis.

    • Main Results:

    • Most 3D printing methods resulted in outer diameters smaller than the designed values.
    • Inner diameters were generally smaller, with an exception for the B9 printer across enlargement ratios.
    • CX and B9 printers tended to produce shallower depths, while PJ and DW printers resulted in increased depths.
    • Surface roughness was higher along the tooth axis compared to perpendicular directions.

    Conclusions:

    • The dimensional accuracy and surface characteristics of 3D printed dental crowns vary significantly among different technologies.
    • 3D printing demonstrates potential for dental crown fabrication, but specific technologies exhibit distinct deviations from designed parameters.
    • Further research and optimization are needed to enhance the precision and reliability of 3D printing for clinical dental applications.