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Anatomy of the Brain: Ventricles01:18

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There are hollow fluid-filled cavities known as ventricles deep inside the human brain. There are two lateral ventricles, one in each cerebral hemisphere, and each has three different projections — the anterior, inferior, and posterior horns visible from the lateral side. A thin membrane called the septum pellucidum separates the two lateral ventricles. The slender third ventricle in the diencephalon is connected to each lateral ventricle via a channel called the interventricular foramen.
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Anteromesial Temporal Lobectomy for Medically Intractable Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: An Operative Study
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Lateral temporal encephaloceles: case-based review.

Yuichi Nagata1, Kazuhito Takeuchi2, Mihoko Kato3

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan. you1ngta@gmail.com.

Child'S Nervous System : Chns : Official Journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery
|April 5, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Lateral temporal encephalocele is a rare condition, typically detected at birth. Most cases occur at the pterion, and patients generally have good prognoses with appropriate treatment.

Keywords:
Arachnoid cystEncephaloceleEndoscopic surgeryHydrocephalusLateral temporal encephaloceleReview

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Area of Science:

  • Neurosurgery
  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Craniofacial Abnormalities

Background:

  • Lateral temporal encephalocele is an extremely rare congenital deformity, with limited literature available.
  • No comprehensive reviews have focused on the clinical characteristics of this condition.
  • This study aims to clarify the clinical features of lateral temporal encephalocele through a literature review and case presentation.

Observation:

  • A review of 19 cases (18 from literature, 1 new case) of lateral temporal encephalocele was conducted.
  • The majority of cases were detected at birth, predominantly occurring at the pterion.
  • Associated malformations were infrequent, with only 3 cases noted, including an intracranial arachnoid cyst in the presented case.

Findings:

  • Lateral temporal encephalocele most commonly affects the pterion, potentially causing ipsilateral orbital wall distortion.
  • Compared to other encephaloceles, this condition appears to have fewer associated malformations.
  • Hydrocephalus was observed in only one reported case, which was the presented case.

Implications:

  • Lateral temporal encephalocele generally has a favorable prognosis with adequate treatment, with most patients showing normal psychomotor development.
  • Early recognition and management are crucial for optimal outcomes in pediatric patients presenting with temporal cranial masses.
  • This review contributes to a better understanding of this rare condition, aiding in diagnosis and treatment planning.