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Iodine nutritional status in Uttarakhand State, India
Neha Sareen1, Umesh Kapil2, Vanisha Nambiar1
1Department of Foods and Nutrition, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India.
Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism
|April 5, 2016
Summary
Iodine deficiency (ID) remains a concern in Uttarakhand, India. This study found high rates of iodine deficiency in pregnant mothers and neonates across three districts, indicating a public health issue requiring attention.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Nutrition Science
- Endocrinology
Background:
- Uttarakhand, India, is an established endemic region for iodine deficiency (ID).
- Assessing the current iodine nutrition status is crucial for public health interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the iodine nutritional status in school-age children, adolescent girls, pregnant mothers, and neonates in Uttarakhand.
- To identify the prevalence of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) in selected districts of Uttarakhand.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study was conducted in three districts of Uttarakhand: Udham Singh Nagar, Nainital, and Pauri Garhwal.
- Population-based sampling included 6143 school-age children, 5430 adolescent girls, 1727 pregnant mothers, and 2013 neonates.
- Methods included clinical thyroid examination, measurement of urinary iodine concentration (UIC), and neonatal thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels.
Main Results:
- Elevated total goiter rates (TGR) were observed in school-age children (13.2-16.8%) and pregnant mothers (16.1-24.9%).
- Median urinary iodine concentration (UIC) levels in pregnant mothers were below the recommended levels (110-124 μg/l).
- High prevalence of elevated neonatal thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels (>5 mIU/L) was noted (55.3-76.4%).
Conclusions:
- The study confirms the continued prevalence of iodine deficiency in Uttarakhand, particularly among pregnant mothers and neonates.
- Urgent public health strategies are needed to address iodine deficiency in the region.
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