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Sleep Dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease.

Vinoth Kanna Selvaraj1, Bhanu Keshavamurthy2

  • 1Assistant Professor, Department of Neurology, Saveetha Medical College , Chennai, India .

Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research : JCDR
|April 5, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Sleep disorders are prevalent in Parkinson's Disease (PD), significantly impacting sleep architecture. Polysomnography revealed reduced sleep time and REM sleep, correlating with disease severity.

Keywords:
Day time functioningPolysomnographySleep efficiencySnoring

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Movement Disorders

Background:

  • Sleep disturbances are common in Parkinson's Disease (PD), often preceding motor symptoms.
  • These issues stem from direct brainstem involvement, secondary motor/mood symptoms, and medication side effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the frequency and characteristics of sleep abnormalities in Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease.
  • To analyze sleep architecture via polysomnography and correlate findings with disease parameters.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study of 50 patients meeting UK PD Society criteria.
  • Assessment included clinical evaluation, UPDRS, PDSS, ESS, and polysomnography.

Main Results:

  • 70% of patients reported disturbed sleep; 60% had insomnia, 48% sleep maintenance issues.
  • Polysomnography showed reduced total sleep time (80%), deep sleep, and REM sleep.
  • Sleep disturbances correlated significantly with disease duration, severity, and PDSS scores.

Conclusions:

  • Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease markedly disrupts sleep architecture, reducing total, deep, and REM sleep.
  • Sleep fragmentation is exacerbated by Periodic Limb Movements in Sleep (PLMS), Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS), and sleep apnea.
  • These sleep issues contribute to impaired daytime functioning in PD patients.