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James Webb Space Telescope segment phasing using differential optical transfer functions.

Johanan L Codona1, Nathan Doble2

  • 1University of Arizona, Steward Observatory, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States.

Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems
|April 5, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Differential optical transfer function (dOTF) offers a new, safe method for James Webb Space Telescope wavefront sensing. This technique enables faster segment phasing and calibration of aberrations across multiple instruments.

Keywords:
James Webb Space Telescopedifferential optical transfer functionsegment phasingwavefront sensing

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Area of Science:

  • Optical astronomy
  • Wavefront sensing
  • Space telescope instrumentation

Background:

  • Accurate wavefront sensing is critical for optimal performance of large space telescopes.
  • Existing methods may be time-consuming or carry mission risks.
  • James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) requires precise alignment for its sensitive instruments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and evaluate novel methods for wavefront sensing on the JWST.
  • To enable faster, safer, and more frequent segment phasing and alignment monitoring.
  • To facilitate calibration of non-common-path aberrations between JWST's instruments.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing differential optical transfer function (dOTF), an image-based, noniterative wavefront sensing technique.
  • Implementing pupil modification via small actuator displacement on a JWST segment.
  • Implementing pupil modification via small misalignments of the NIRCam filter wheel.

Main Results:

  • Both actuator and filter wheel methods are viable for NIRCam.
  • The actuator method extends segment phasing to MIRI and NIRISS, a new capability.
  • dOTF can measure large segment discontinuities and aberrations along multiple lines of sight simultaneously.
  • dOTF provides pupil field amplitude and phase, aiding iterative phase retrieval algorithms.

Conclusions:

  • The actuator-based dOTF method presents a fast, safe, and versatile wavefront sensing alternative for JWST.
  • This approach enhances mission reliability through reduced risk and improved alignment monitoring.
  • It enables crucial cross-instrument aberration calibration and expands phasing capabilities.