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Dementia01:30

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Dementia is a collective term for cognitive disorders primarily affecting memory, thinking, and reasoning. It is not a specific disease but a syndrome, with Alzheimer's disease being the most common cause, accounting for approximately 60-80% of cases. Other types include vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, and frontotemporal dementia. Dementia affects millions worldwide, particularly older adults, though it is not a normal part of aging.
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Frontotemporal Dementias.

Elizabeth C Finger

    Continuum (Minneapolis, Minn.)
    |April 5, 2016
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and related disorders are neurodegenerative conditions affecting behavior or language. Advances in diagnosis help identify subtypes for better patient management.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neurodegenerative diseases
    • Neurology
    • Behavioral neurology

    Background:

    • Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and related disorders are a group of neurodegenerative conditions.
    • These disorders are characterized by progressive deterioration in behavior or language.
    • Pathology is typically found in the frontal or temporal lobes of the brain.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review common behavioral and cognitive features of FTD.
    • To outline distinguishing clinical, genetic, and pathologic features of FTD subtypes.
    • To provide an overview of the most common subtypes of FTD.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of current literature on FTD and related disorders.
    • Analysis of advances in clinical phenotyping, genetics, and biomarkers.
    • Evaluation of international cohort data for diagnostic criteria refinement.

    Main Results:

    • Improved prediction of molecular pathology based on clinical presentation.
    • Refined diagnostic criteria for several FTD subtypes.
    • Identification of six main clinical subtypes: behavioral variant FTD, semantic variant primary progressive aphasia, nonfluent agrammatic variant primary progressive aphasia, corticobasal syndrome, progressive supranuclear palsy, and FTD with motor neuron disease.

    Conclusions:

    • FTDs are neurodegenerative disorders impacting behavior or language.
    • Accurate diagnosis of FTD subtypes is crucial for effective patient management.
    • Understanding FTD subtypes aids neurologists in patient care.