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Pulmonary hypertension in the premature infant: a challenging comorbidity in a vulnerable population

Michael Glenn O'Connor1, David N Cornfield, Eric D Austin

  • 1aDivision of Pediatric Pulmonary, Allergy, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee bDivision of Pediatric Pulmonary, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California.

Current Opinion in Pediatrics
|April 5, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric clinicians can improve the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension in premature infants. Early recognition and intervention are key for managing this common comorbidity in vulnerable newborns.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Neonatology
  • Pulmonary Medicine

Background:

  • Pulmonary hypertension is a significant comorbidity in premature infants.
  • Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is strongly associated with pulmonary hypertension in this population.
  • Low birth weight and systemic inflammation also contribute to pulmonary hypertension risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To inform pediatric clinicians on the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension in premature infants.
  • To highlight areas needing further research in the field.
  • To improve recognition and timely intervention for this condition.

Main Methods:

  • Review of available relevant literature.
  • Focus on clinical perspectives for diagnosis and treatment.
  • Synthesis of current knowledge on epidemiology and risk factors.

Main Results:

  • Improved understanding of pulmonary hypertension epidemiology in premature infants.
  • Association between bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and pulmonary hypertension confirmed.
  • New recommendations for echocardiogram screening in infants with BPD.

Conclusions:

  • Enhanced knowledge aids in developing better diagnostic screening algorithms.
  • Clinicians should be aware of risk factors beyond BPD, including low birth weight and inflammation.
  • Timely recognition and intervention are crucial for managing pulmonary hypertension in premature infants.
Abstract

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