Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cholesterol: Significance and Regulation01:29

Cholesterol: Significance and Regulation

1.9K
Although not a source of energy, cholesterol plays a significant role as a foundational structure for bile salts, steroid hormones, and vitamin D, as well as being a crucial component of plasma membranes. Approximately 15% of blood cholesterol is derived from our diet, with the remainder synthesized from acetyl CoA by the liver and intestines. Cholesterol is eliminated from the body through its conversion into bile salts, which are eventually discarded in the feces.
Considering cholesterol and...
1.9K
Clinical Trials01:16

Clinical Trials

11.1K
Clinical trials are prospective experimental studies conducted on humans to determine the safety and efficacy of treatments, drugs, diet methods, and medical devices. Using statistics in clinical trials enables researchers to derive reasonable and accurate conclusions from the collected data, allowing them to make wise decisions in uncertain situations. In medical research, statistical methods are crucial for preventing errors and bias.
There are four phases in a clinical trial. A phase one...
11.1K
Lipid-Lowering Drugs: Statins and Miscellaneous Agents01:20

Lipid-Lowering Drugs: Statins and Miscellaneous Agents

1.7K
Hyperlipidemia, a medical condition often referred to as high cholesterol, is characterized by abnormally elevated levels of lipids in the bloodstream. When present in excess, these lipids, specifically cholesterol and triglycerides, can lead to serious health complications, often involving cardiovascular diseases. Illnesses like atherosclerosis, heart attacks, and pancreatitis have all been linked to untreated hyperlipidemia. This means controlling and regulating cholesterol and triglyceride...
1.7K
Clinical Trials: Overview01:11

Clinical Trials: Overview

5.4K
Clinical development focuses on how the drug will interact with the human body and encompasses four key phases of clinical trials, each serving a specific purpose in assessing the safety and effectiveness of new drugs. These phases overlap and build upon one another. Phase I involves a small group of healthy volunteers (typically 20-80 individuals) or, in cases where significant toxicity is expected, patients with the targeted disease, such as cancer or AIDS. The volunteers are tested for...
5.4K
Lipids: Dietary Sources and Requirements01:18

Lipids: Dietary Sources and Requirements

2.6K
Lipids are an essential component of a balanced human diet. Triglycerides, which make up the majority of dietary lipids, are found in both saturated fats—commonly present in meat, dairy products, and certain tropical plants like coconut, and hydrogenated oils such as margarine and baking shortenings (trans fats)—and unsaturated fats, which are abundant in seeds, nuts, olive oil, and most vegetable oils. The main sources of cholesterol include egg yolks, various meats and organ...
2.6K
Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System III: Serum Lipid Profile01:25

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System III: Serum Lipid Profile

793
Understanding serum lipids is crucial for maintaining cardiovascular health and preventing heart disease and stroke.
Serum lipids are fats and fatty substances in the blood and are crucial for various bodily functions, including energy storage, cellular structure, and hormone production. Serum lipids consist of cholesterol, triglycerides, and phospholipids.
Cholesterol is a soft, fat-like substance found in all body cells. It is crucial for producing hormones, vitamin D, and substances that aid...
793

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Rethinking Statin Dosage in Coronary Disease.

Pharmacology research & perspectives·2025
Same author

High-Dose Statins Increase Adverse Events and Do Not Improve Survival.

Journal of the American College of Cardiology·2022
Same author

The trouble with antidepressants: why the evidence overplays benefits and underplays risks-an essay by John B Warren.

BMJ (Clinical research ed.)·2020
Same author

Small Increase in Mortality With High Dose, But Not Low Dose, Statin.

Journal of the American College of Cardiology·2020
Same author

Polypill for prevention of cardiovascular diseases.

Lancet (London, England)·2020
Same author

Clinically Optimal Versus "Target" Doses in Heart Failure.

Journal of the American College of Cardiology·2019
Same journal

N-acetylcysteine for non-paracetamol-induced acute liver failure in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

British journal of clinical pharmacology·2026
Same journal

Anti-seizure medications and DRESS in paediatric patients: A FAERS disproportionality and time-to-onset analysis.

British journal of clinical pharmacology·2026
Same journal

Modelling immune gene expression profiles as pharmacodynamic endpoints of antileishmanial treatment.

British journal of clinical pharmacology·2026
Same journal

The effect of mild and moderate hepatic impairment on the pharmacokinetics, safety and tolerability of balcinrenone.

British journal of clinical pharmacology·2026
Same journal

Relationship between continuous infusion meropenem PK/PD target attainment and C-reactive protein dynamics in onco-haematologic patients with febrile neutropenia.

British journal of clinical pharmacology·2026
Same journal

UGT1A1 genotype testing for irinotecan: A guideline developed by the UK Centre of Excellence in Regulatory Science and Innovation in Pharmacogenomics (CERSI-PGx).

British journal of clinical pharmacology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 23, 2026

Cholesterol Efflux Assay
07:54

Cholesterol Efflux Assay

Published on: March 6, 2012

30.9K

Cholesterol trials and mortality.

John B Warren1, Simon B Dimmitt2, Hans G Stampfer3

  • 1Medicines Assessment Ltd, London, SE16 7RB, UK.

British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
|April 5, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Analyzing clinical trials reveals class effects on mortality for lipid drugs. Statins generally improve survival, while fibrates may decrease it, highlighting the importance of mortality data for treatment decisions.

Keywords:
cholesterolcomposite endpointsepidemiologyfibratesmortalityregulationstatin

More Related Videos

A Clinical Trial Assessing the Safety, Efficacy, and Delivery of Olive-Oil-Based Three-Chamber Bags for Parenteral Nutrition
04:53

A Clinical Trial Assessing the Safety, Efficacy, and Delivery of Olive-Oil-Based Three-Chamber Bags for Parenteral Nutrition

Published on: September 20, 2019

11.4K
High-throughput Nitrobenzoxadiazole-labeled Cholesterol Efflux Assay
08:18

High-throughput Nitrobenzoxadiazole-labeled Cholesterol Efflux Assay

Published on: January 7, 2019

9.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 23, 2026

Cholesterol Efflux Assay
07:54

Cholesterol Efflux Assay

Published on: March 6, 2012

30.9K
A Clinical Trial Assessing the Safety, Efficacy, and Delivery of Olive-Oil-Based Three-Chamber Bags for Parenteral Nutrition
04:53

A Clinical Trial Assessing the Safety, Efficacy, and Delivery of Olive-Oil-Based Three-Chamber Bags for Parenteral Nutrition

Published on: September 20, 2019

11.4K
High-throughput Nitrobenzoxadiazole-labeled Cholesterol Efflux Assay
08:18

High-throughput Nitrobenzoxadiazole-labeled Cholesterol Efflux Assay

Published on: January 7, 2019

9.7K

Area of Science:

  • Clinical pharmacology
  • Cardiovascular medicine
  • Biostatistics

Background:

  • Most lipid pharmacotherapy trials lack power to detect mortality differences, relying instead on composite cardiovascular endpoints.
  • Individual trials may obscure class-wide effects on survival.
  • Assessing all-cause mortality is crucial for a balanced risk-benefit analysis of lipid-lowering drugs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate class effects on all-cause mortality in lipid-lowering drug trials.
  • To compare survival outcomes between fibrate and statin therapies.
  • To underscore the significance of mortality data in clinical decision-making for lipid pharmacotherapy.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of survival data from major controlled lipid trials (fibrates and statins).
  • Examination of individual trial data to identify class trends in mortality.
  • Review of efficacy and safety endpoints in the context of overall survival.

Main Results:

  • Fibrate treatment was associated with decreased survival in most major trials.
  • Statin treatment demonstrated increased survival in secondary prevention (0.43%-3.33% increase) and primary prevention (-0.09%-0.89% increase) trials.
  • Composite safety endpoints were infrequently reported, limiting comprehensive risk-benefit assessments.

Conclusions:

  • Class effects on survival provide valuable summaries of lipid pharmacotherapy risks and benefits.
  • Incorporating mortality data into meta-analyses enhances personalized treatment decisions.
  • All-cause mortality should be a primary endpoint in lipid-lowering drug trials.