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Related Concept Videos

General Transcription Factors01:30

General Transcription Factors

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Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
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Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
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Isolation and Profiling of Human Primary Mesenteric Arterial Endothelial Cells at the Transcriptome Level
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Transcriptomics resources of human tissues and organs.

Mathias Uhlén1, Björn M Hallström2, Cecilia Lindskog3

  • 1Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden Department of Proteomics, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Hørsholm, Denmark mathias.uhlen@scilifelab.se.

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This study reviews human transcriptome data, revealing that most proteins are expressed across all tissues, with few showing tissue-specific expression. This information aids in understanding human physiology and disease.

Keywords:
genome‐scale metabolic modelsproteomicstranscriptomics

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Human Physiology

Background:

  • Understanding gene expression across human tissues is crucial for physiology and disease research.
  • Large-scale transcriptomics studies have mapped protein-coding gene expression across various tissues.
  • These datasets define the molecular makeup of the human body and identify tissue-specific proteins.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review human transcriptome resources and analyze body-wide gene expression data.
  • To discuss findings from independent genome-wide transcriptome analyses of different human tissues.
  • To explore the application of omics data in building metabolic models for cellular and tissue function analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of publicly available human transcriptome databases.
  • Analysis of independent genome-wide transcriptome datasets from diverse tissues (surgical and postmortem).
  • Consistency checks of gene expression measurements across different datasets.

Main Results:

  • Gene expression data from independent analyses are consistent.
  • A significant proportion of proteins are ubiquitously expressed across all human tissues.
  • A relatively small number of proteins exhibit tissue-restricted expression patterns.

Conclusions:

  • Human tissues share a common set of expressed proteins, with limited tissue-specific expression.
  • Publicly available omics data are valuable for constructing genome-scale metabolic models.
  • These models facilitate the analysis of cellular and tissue functions in both health and disease states.