Pleural Effusion I: Introduction
Pleural Effusion II: Symptoms and Management
Pleural Disorders: Types and Brief Description
Pneumothorax-II
Endoscopic Studies I: Bronchoscopy and Thoracoscopy
Endoscopic Studies II: Thoracocentesis
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Updated: Mar 23, 2026

Local Anesthetic Thoracoscopy for Undiagnosed Pleural Effusion
Published on: November 10, 2023
Carol D Cardona Attard1, Mark Gruppetta1, Josanne Vassallo1
1Diabetes and Endocrine Centre, Mater Dei Hospital, Msida, Malta Department of Medicine, University of Malta Medical School, Msida, Malta.
Carbimazole, an antithyroid drug, can rarely cause pleuropulmonary complications like pleural effusions. Discontinuing carbimazole therapy led to resolution, suggesting it as a potential cause.
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